Ledet

  • Schedule
  • Classes
  • Find Us
  • Enroll
  • FAQ
sign in create an account
Request A Call Back
Dan Margulis Applied Color Theory

Dan’s Photofinishing Test for PP5E

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Mon May 15, 2006 7:52pm(PDT)
Subject: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Before my last trip, I started a thread called "Has Anyone Tried This?" in which I said I was going to test photo labs and also cheap providers of photofinishing services, sending them a set of RGB files with a view to finding out how the degree of color variability in their prints would compare to sending CMYK files to a commercial printer.

I said that I suspected that variability would be at least as bad, but the list did not have a consensus. Some people thought the match would be very close. I have now done enough of the testing to be able to give a conclusion, which is, the variability is considerably worse than that found at commercial printers.

My test consists of 25 real images (one contains a computer-generated gradient; one is an RGB grayscale image; one has clearly inadequate resolution. The rest pose every kind of challenge, and were specifically picked to check on all aspects of the provider's work. One image is duplicated, once with an sRGB profile and once with an Adobe RGB profile assigned and embedded.)

I said the test would be of a dozen facilities, but I intend to have some of this work done when I am on the road, so that it would not just include New Jersey. So I only have seven packages so far. Four are done by photo labs or by shops that service serious photographers. One charged me 49 cents per print, another 39, and two charged me 39 cents for the first 20 prints and 29 cents thereafter.

I also went to a large chain store, where they have a serious photofinishing department with full-time personnel and high-end equipment. They charged me 29 cents per print. I also went to self-service photo kiosks in a drug store, which also charged 29 cents, and at my local grocery store, which charged 23 cents.

The equipment came from four different manufacturers, six different models.

Here are the findings.

*Taking the three low-cost providers as one group and the photo labs as another, the low-cost providers kicked butt. The single best result came from a photo lab, but two of the four produced unacceptable work.

*Of the seven providers, I would say that one delivered first-rate work, approximately what I expected. A second, which used the same equipment but different paper, was distinctly cooler. Fleshtones looked disturbingly blue. A third provider had a greenish-yellow bias. Much of the time this actually made the pictures look better, and in fact a layperson might well prefer this package to the one that I would say did the better job. However, in an image of a blond (the same one in Chapter 16 of Canyon Conundrum) the hair came out slightly green, and the B/W image clearly was yellow. Nevertheless, I rate all three of these packages as acceptable. They are in line with the variation one might get from commercial printers.

*I rated two others as marginally acceptable. One was basically OK but plugged shadow areas badly. The other pumped color into saturated areas, which generally looked good, but whenever I had to hold detail in a vividly colored area such as a flower, it turned into a blob. Again, it was generally pleasing color, and a layperson might actually prefer this package to the one that I think is the best.

*The last two were not acceptable because one was grossly dark and the other grossly light. By "grossly" I mean that if the file were in CMYK, the dot gain setting would have to go up or down 8-10% to duplicate these results.

*One package had banding in the gradient and the other six did not.

*One B/W image came out just right; three others were off slightly; three others were very far off and clearly would not be accepted by anybody as B/W work.

*All seven providers ignored the embedded profile.

*With the exception of one provider where highlight detail was totally blown out, all these systems seem to have similar capabilities. I could write an action that could make any one of them match any other in from ten minutes to one hour, depending on how eccentric the initial conditions were.

*I was treated courteously everywhere.

*The employees at the photo labs seemed knowledgeable. I have no clue how their companies make any money by doing this type of work.

*****************
Conclusion. I will be putting a couple of these images in the next edition of Professional Photoshop in a chapter about how to cope with the realities of printing conditions. I will show half a dozen variants and compare them to the results of giving the same CMYK files to half a dozen printers.

I must say, after doing this test, that I am even more disgusted, if possible, at the tactics of the mindless color management apologists who are always saying that all printers are brain-dead and that there is an industry conspiracy whereby printers don't calibrate because they want to make money on reprints. What this test appears to demonstrate is that if you just send a CMYK file, without further information, to a random commercial printer, unless there is a process control problem you will probably get a more predictable result than if you send a properly tagged sRGB file to a photo lab.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "David Riecks"
    Date: Tue May 16, 2006 9:02am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Dan:

First off, thanks for sharing your results. I think you'll find once you are on the road and testing others, that the results will be pretty similar to what you have learned already.

This is one of the main reasons why I helped to get the Universal Photographic Digital Imaging Guidelines coaltion started. We released version 1.0 of the UPDIG guidelines last October in order to address these very issues. For anyone that is interested, the website is http://www.updig.org/ and there is a PDF version for download as well.

I'm giving a talk tonight in Chicago for the American Society of Picture Professionals and will use your findings as one more example of the problems with sending out digital files.

Another example I will relate regards a "Professional" lab that I auditioned recently. The first test did not meet my expectations, so I called and got through to the senior most tech person in the lab. What she told me completely contradicted what the sales staff told me, and explained the problem with my unhappiness of my initial test.

In this instance, the sales staff told me that they could handle AdobeRGB files. However the tech person said to convert all files to sRGB and then send!!! Since I'd sent Adobe RGB files and the printer simply ignored the profile, the results were a very flat color response.

My second test and subsequent actual print runs were right on the money, and have remained so since then.

Contrast that with having prints made at my local drug store on their Fuji Frontier machine. I knew that I would have to supply sRGB files, so converted files before taking them in. Provided I stuck with reasonable end points for highlights and shadows, my initial tests were very positive. I had little to no interaction with the staff, and the result were very pleasing. This was because I assumed they would not know the answers to my questions, and I converted my files to the "lowest common denominator."

I've always made it a point to speak directly to the prepress people or most knowledgeable press person when sending CMYK files to a 4 color printing firm. This direct communication helps me to determine what the type of file and specifications that are needed. The sales people at these firms are often operating with old knowledge, and are not up to speed with what is happening in their own plant. Nearly everytime I've trusted what a saleperson told me I've ended up with results that I was not completely happy with.

It appears that I need to apply the same methodology when sending in RGB files to any local printer, be they professional lab or consumer minilab. Assume the lowest common denominator, and the results will be reasonable. Assuming anything more is asking for trouble without extensive testing.

Thanks,

David
--
David Riecks (that's "i" before "e", but the "e" is silent)
http://www.riecks.com , Chicago Midwest ASMP member
Chair, SAA Imaging Technology Standards committee
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "George Reis"
    Date: Tue May 16, 2006 9:19am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I haven't been to a photo lab in quite some time, and maybe that's why I'm confused. Are you saying that "shops that service serious photographers" are providing prints for 49 cents each or less? I looked up one of the labs I used to use (Photomation in Anaheim, CA) and found that they charge $9.35 for a 4 X 5 inch "Digital Master" print.

If you aren't comparing professional photo labs in your test, that's probably where my confusion lies. But, it would be interesting to see if paying 20 times your current highest price gives you better, more consistent results.

George
--
Imaging Forensics    <http: //www.imagingforensics.com
Forensic image analysis, digital imaging & photography.
Consulting, training & litigation support.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "jimbean"
    Date: Tue May 16, 2006 10:13am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

a few comments, most 1-hour labs may have one semi-knowledgeable tech on staff, with several more part-time students filling in... no real training or suprise there.. the facts are: most consumers not only do not know what they are looking at... but if there were problems... who do you think they blame? they blame themselves, not the lab, not their cell phone camera.. little black dogs that are now unnaturally blue, unbelieveably thin/underexposed/impossible flash shots that look incredibly good, family 'portraits' where everyone looks radioactive.. an everyday experience.. the vast volume of photography is generated by people that are happy to see any likeness from their efforts/regardless of the 'quality'...

several area professional photographers do utilize these labs.. and each shop also 'writes an action' or similar to dan's in an effort to help the output... I believe the biggest challenge yet is to produce images not for the 1-hour guys.. but for commercial printers and larger offices that output to a variety of 'digital presses' via a variety of rips (cmyk?)...

additionally, several comments continue regarding artificial/naturally occuring gradients... if you want to see variation in output.. send any form of gradients to several of the newer generation printers.. 'the possibilities are unlimited...'

best, jim bean
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Howard Smith
    Date: Tue May 16, 2006 0:20pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

David,

Your comments gave me a clue as to why I used to get such pitiful results from professional labs, whether they were developing film, scanning from transparencies, or directly from the originals placed on an oversided flatbed scanner. I was dealing with a different kind of lowest common denominator--the sales reps and desk clerks. Had I gone to the experts in charge, perhaps the outcomes would have been far better. The lcd's routinely brushed off complaints by arguing that the results were outstanding and that I just didn't know what I was talking about. To be fair, one established printing firm called out the entire staff to argue that a marked fluorescent green cast in an offset job was all in my imagination.

There's just no substitute for investing in the equipment to do your own work whenever its feasible. At least in the case of having digital photos printed, your suggestion about using sSRGB for the files may solve a lot of problems for all of us.

Howard Smith
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Tue May 16, 2006 4:54pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Howard, you are absolutely correct in stating that good communications make the difference. I've run a quality custom photo lab for thirty years, and I can categorically state that without proper communications with the customer, it's impossible to give consistent and predictable results. However, it isn't that hard to give or get the right instructions if both parties are willing. Unfortunately, most minilab operators are completely helpless where it comes to color management issues and they wouldn't know what to do with the correct info anyway.

As I've said before, there's no way to simply put a CD in the average machine and come out with perfect color. With our Agfa digital lab, we must stop in Photoshop first, do a profile conversion and then utilize the almost unknown "repro mode" to send the files to the machine, bypassing the front end "intelligence" of the lab. It's the only way to get predictable color, even with this top-of-the-line equipment, and I don't know of anyone else in the business who knows about it let alone takes the trouble to do it. The problem is that photographers have become the worst consumers and want all labs to be cost competitive with Wal-Mart and Costco. How much service can you offer for nineteen cents?

It's a sad commentary on the business and the economy that so many people like yourself have decided that they have to do their own work if they want it done right. This is because the best labs have been driven out of existence by the likes of Walgreen's and those who think that it's all the same except for the price.

john castronovo
tech photo & imaging
fairfield, nj
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Adam L (CT)"
    Date: Tue May 16, 2006 8:45pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Dan,

I've tested Wal-Mart 1 hour digital prints (19 cents each). I found each of 3 locations to be very contrasty. 33, 33, 33 went completely black, and 240 was pure white. Midtones were reasonably good for a test print, but not critical matching. There is no image enhancements, they just print it as is, however, I didn't ask about the profile, but on the other hand, I always gave them Srgb.

I just came back from a 5 week trip to India and have selected 500 prints in the first cut. I need prints to edit it down properly, and Rite Aid seemed to do a well enough job with highlights and shadows, color, etc... to have a good enough feel to continue editing down. Cost: 19 cents for 50 or more prints, and when friends put their sticky fingers all over them, I won't worry.

The biggest problem I found are in the edges of fine detail, (like palm trees backlight against a sunset, or a salt and pepper colored beard), the blacks go greenish at Rite Aid, and at Wal-Mart black and white images turn slightly reddish in hard edge contrasty areas.

I would never give this quality of print to a client.

Adam Lejak
562.972.4157
Ready To-Go!
AdamLejakPhotography.com
Photo & Digital Assistant

___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "David Harradine"
    Date: Tue May 16, 2006 9:24pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Digest Number 1780

Hi Dan

Did you return to see if they were at least consistent with their unique settings ?

If so you could easily profile them and have their number.

David Harradine
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Shangara Singh"
    Date: Wed May 17, 2006 4:16am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 16 May 2006, at 16:58, David Riecks wrote:

In this instance, the sales staff told me that they could handle
AdobeRGB files. However the tech person said to convert all files to
sRGB and then send!!! Since I'd sent Adobe RGB files and the printer
simply ignored the profile, the results were a very flat color
response.

David

I had a similar experience with a pro lab in the UK. I went to them because they were supposed to be fully color managed. They looked into it when I complained and found, though they were color managed, the printer used for my job wasn't setup to honour profiles automatically. They then did the conversion manually before sending the files to the printer and all was fine.

My second test and subsequent actual print runs were right on the
money, and have remained so since then.

Ditto.

Contrast that with having prints made at my local drug store on their
Fuji Frontier machine. I knew that I would have to supply sRGB files,
so converted files before taking them in.

Ditto.

Shangara Singh.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Lee Clawson"
    Date: Wed May 17, 2006 7:09am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Digest Number 1780

on 5/17/06 12:18 AM, David Harradine wrote:

Hi Dan
Did you return to see if they were at least consistent with their
unique settings ?
If so you could easily profile them and have their number.

David,

I as thinking the same thing. Without repeating the tests, that is, knowing if the results are repeatable, none of our conclusions are going to hold up. In addition I'd like know we aren't seeing differences (if any) between poorly calibrated/maintained equipment vs standard working methods.

Lee Clawson
2/\V/\7 Studio
___________________________________________________________________________  

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Wed May 17, 2006 9:48am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

David Harradine writes,

Did you return to see if they were at least consistent with their  
unique settings?

I will be doing that in about a month, but I know that at least two of these sources are repeatable. I would be quite surprised if repeatability is a problem here, the way it is on a press.

If so you could easily profile them and have their number.

Now that I've seen their output I could certainly give almost any one of these labs files that would match the reference ones, and I could do so this afternoon, if necessary.

That, I think, is a side issue. The more interesting observation is that for all the braying about how printers need standards and printers are brain-dead and printers are Luddites, the printers seem to be a lot better color-managed and a lot more standards-oriented than the photo labs are. If you give an untagged CMYK file to a random printer, it appears that you get a *far* more predictable result than if you give a properly prepared sRGB file to a random photo lab.

It goes without saying that there are good printers and bad ones, and likewise good and bad photo labs.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Henry"
    Date: Wed May 17, 2006 5:02pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 17, 2006, at 12:37 PM, Dan Margulis wrote:

The more interesting observation is that for
 all the braying about how printers need standards and printers are brain-dead
 and printers are Luddites, the printers seem to be a lot better color-managed
 and a lot more standards-oriented than the photo labs are. If you give an
 untagged CMYK file to a random printer, it appears that you get a *far* more
 predictable result than if you give a properly prepared sRGB file to a random photo
 lab.

One consideration is that the mechanical aspects of a press give cause to the employees to be concerned about the size and quality of the dots they are printing. Gee whiz, they walk around with loupes and study dots - they troubleshoot at this level.

In the case of fairly hands-off, self-calibrating photoprint machines, one would figure that there would be more time and attention given to workflow since they aren't spending time grinding out mechanical issues. This test is revealing that in some cases even no attention is given to workflow. But, it may not matter - except to a small population of customers.

One poster suggested that most photoprint customers care more about the subject in the scenes than the precision of the color and contrast, and pros are finding that swimming with the masses is hit or miss with regard to quality and repeatability. Now, I'm not suggesting that all print houses are excellent, but they do have a tradition of process control that hasn't yet evolved with the photoprint shops. The question for labs is how many different workflows they will develop and ride herd over for each of their customer's differing needs. There will be one or two workflows for the pros and another for the general public, as well as a method for figuring out how to do future reprints so that they match. It is a mess already, and gets even messier when juggling the solutions.

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Wed May 17, 2006 6:34pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Dan,

Was there any instruction given to either honor or not honor the profiles? Some technicians may take it upon themselves to "improve" an image and others may not. I've had professional photographers yell at me for NOT changing their images to make them better. They actually said that just because there was an embedded profile we didn't have to honor it - for less than fifty cents a print, mind you. This paradigm is appropriate when printing from negatives where the darkroom tech actually creates the image, but with digital I expect that the photographer has done his job to his satisfaction before I get the file. Still, there are those who assume that we fix everything and want us to do so, and then there are those who want us to not change a thing. In short, we have to be told.

john castronovo
tech photo & imaging
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Henry"
    Date: Wed May 17, 2006 6:59pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On May 16, 2006, at 7:52 PM, jc castronovo wrote:

Unfortunately, most minilab operators are completely
helpless where it comes to color management issues and they wouldn't
know what to do with the correct info anyway.

This might also be a suitable description of *most* minilab customers -- just as the big boxes predicted.

Kudos to you for offering a higher level of service. Do you have many customers that are not pros?  I would be curious to know if they are put off by customer service talk about color management and what profiles are or are not embedded in their files etc.  Questions from print service providers about file prep in CMYK make some novice print designers/buyers uncomfortable, so I am guessing that it could generate some discomfort. I try to bone up whenever I go to the auto parts store so that I can answer their questions about my car, but I wouldn't have guessed that going to get pictures would have become as complicated.

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 3:05am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Those who lack time or curiosity generally want us to correct their images to print a 'pleasing result' and that's the end of the discussion We get pros as well as the general public in this category and they are made to understand that we're deciding how their files look as we print them.

Those who want to know more are never put off by the discussion. They like to do their own color adjustments and are instructed that they must use a calibrated display and embed a proper profile. Some of them also go further to actually convert to our output profile and crop and size their images to the 400 ppi necessary for output. These folks get the most predictable results.

To answer your first question, there are just as many non-pros as pros who understand these issues. There are also far too many pros who are only concerned with price. These are generally wedding shooters who do such volume that saving a few pennies per print means a lot to them at the end of the year. They generally wind up being customers at big box stores like Costco.

john castronovo
tech photo & imaging
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 6:01am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

John Castronovo writes,

 Dan,
Was there any instruction given to either honor or not honor the profiles?
Some technicians may take it upon themselves to "improve" an image and
others may not. I've had professional photographers yell at me for NOT
changing their images to make them better. They actually said that just
because there was an embedded profile we didn't have to honor it - for less
than fifty cents a print, mind you. This paradigm is appropriate when
printing from negatives where the darkroom tech actually creates the image,
but with digital I expect that the photographer has done his job to his
satisfaction before I get the file. Still, there are those who assume that
we fix everything and want us to do so, and then there are those who want us
to not change a thing. In short, we have to be told.

Most of the files in my test were tagged sRGB, some were untagged, and one was tagged Adobe RGB. The vendors were not informed, and, as I expected, the tags were ignored, although I did think that there might be enough remembrance of the resistance-is-futile days that maybe one or two sources might either honor the profile or at least raise a question about it.

I agree also that you have to be told, but if I remember correctly this is a slight change of view on your part. We had this problem a couple of years back. We had one long thread where the printer honored a CMYK embedded profile without discussing it with the client, and the job was ruined and the client wanted it redone. We had a second where the printer ignored an RGB embedded profile without discussing it with the client and the job was ruined and the client wanted it redone. In both cases the list was asked for advice. I said that I believe the first printer has to rerun the job for free , but by the same token the second client is out of luck.

If somebody else wants to reverse it--say that the printer has to eat the cost of the second job--then it seems to me that as a matter of intellectual consistency they have to tell the client to eat the cost of the first. The amazing thing was that some people wanted the printers to eat BOTH jobs.

That is, whichever decision you make, if it turns out wrong, you pay. Easy solution, they said--educate the client! When each file comes in, check it out to see if it has a profile. If it does, call up the client and find out whether he knows what he's doing, and if he doesn't, educate him. But certainly, don't charge for it.

Under these circumstances I think the logical response is the one you state above.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 6:02am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

John Castronovo writes,

Those who want to know more are never put off by the discussion. They like
to do their own color adjustments and are instructed that they must use a
calibrated display and embed a proper profile. Some of them also go further
to actually convert to our output profile and crop and size their images to
the 400 ppi necessary for output. These folks get the most predictable
results.

There's only one problem with this scenario, as several other graphic arts segments have found out. You give out a lot of free advice, because you are a full service provider, and it makes the client more knowledgeable, which is good. It also empowers the client to get good results from Costco, and no matter how loyal and ethical the client is, sooner or later that knowledge will come back to bite you.

I am not certain this is a viable business model.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Ric Cohn"
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 9:10am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 18, 2006, at 8:47 AM, Dan Margulis wrote:

It also empowers the client to get good
results from Costco, and no matter how loyal and ethical the client  
is, sooner or later that knowledge will come back to bite you.

I am not certain this is a viable business model.

Sad and probably true. I've heard it said "no good deed goes unpunished". This is an ongoing process with both Photographer's and Labs (and I'm sure Printers). As far as I can see, the only solution is to continually adjust like an antibody to the disease. Once the disease is out there, ignoring it is not an option. Unfortunately, sometimes the "cure" can be fatal.

Ric Cohn
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: "Tom Judd"
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 9:53am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I'm not sure that a business model that depends on hiding a better solution from your clients is viable either. They will eventually find out that they can get adequate results at far lower cost in cases where that makes sense, and their resulting anger will be directed at you.

I sympathize with print vendors who are struggling to make a go of their rapidly changing business. They are concerned with their bottom line, but so are their customers. Loyalty and ethics don't count for much in today's business climate, unfortunate as that may be. Receiving good perceived value is what makes me come back to a vendor, and I don't think I'm unique in that respect.

I think Ric has the correct approach. Conventional photofinishers will have to adapt to the new technology. As digital minilabs become ever more automatic, the indifferent/untrained operators will become less critical. I personally get good results from sending sRGB files to Costco and Walmart in those cases where I just need a large number of snapshots. The critical work I print myself but I can't afford the time or materials to make 4x6 prints myself in quantity.

So if you want to compete in the 4x6 market, get the best digital machine you can find and run it better than the guy next door. But don't expect to compete with 59-cent prints when 19-cent prints are (nearly) as good. Otherwise, find a niche that the guy next door doesn't fill and keep your costs reasonable.

Tom Judd
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 6:17pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Dan - you are so very right on this. Truer words are seldom said, yet I don't know how to avoid doing it. Yours is the best model, "If you want to know, come to one of my courses or buy my book". In my case, I'm standing right there with someone picking my brains for a half hour for free. I've actually had to defend our scanning work after someone brought it to Costco to be printed and he didn't like the results. This defense and time cost me more than actually re-printing Costco's work for free.

john castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 6:17pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

What's the point in buying the best machine and running it better than the guy next door if people like yourself are only going to use an outside service when you're looking for the best price? If I could show that I not only can honor your profiles but my color gamut is at least ten percent larger than Costco's with better darks and blacks does it matter to you or anyone else any more? You're right. The era of the custom lab is definitely over. Many people come to us for a free education so they can work it somewhere else that's cheap. Fortunately there are still those who put value on integrity, knowledge, relationships and hard work but they are a vanishing minority.

john castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 6:17pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Not really a change of view on my part because the scenario is different where a file is being sent to a printer for a large order worth maybe thousands of impressions and when a file is sent to a minilab for a print worth less than a dollar. It would seem that in all cases, more communication is always a good thing. In your second example, I still say that the RGB profile should've been honored by the printer or at least questioned if only because the size of the job. We're not talking about
pennies in that case.

john castronovo
tech photo & imaging

___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Tom Judd
    Date: Thu May 18, 2006 6:42pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

John Castronovo wrote:

What's the point in buying the best machine and running it better than the
guy next door if people like yourself are only going to use an outside
service when you're looking for the best price? If I could show that I not
only can honor your profiles but my color gamut is at least ten percent
larger than Costco's with better darks and blacks does it matter to you or
anyone else any more? You're right. The era of the custom lab is definitely
over. Many people come to us for a free education so they can work it
somewhere else that's cheap. Fortunately there are still those who put value
on integrity, knowledge, relationships and hard work but they are a
vanishing minority.

I have no argument with what you say.  I use the automated labs in cases where I need a lot of prints to give away (e.g., from a relative's wedding where there was no photographer).  Better blacks and larger gamut don't matter much in that case.  I convert to sRGB and generally get prints that these folks are thrilled with.  The camera work and Photoshop postprocessing give them prints way beyond what they're used to.

I do use a custom lab on occasion, mostly for prints bigger that the 13x19 I can do.  I found a place with excellent profiles and pricing that reflects that I do all of the file prep work.  I have used "custom labs" where the most apparent result is a high price.  If you can show good value to your customers, and find the right markets, you will stay in business.  But it's certainly a lot harder now than in the past.

Tom Judd
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 3:17am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I must reply that if your only memory of using a custom lab was the high price, then it sounds like you never found one.

That's so much of a problem that I hardly want to go there, but most people don't know what's available. They may try what they believe is the best assuming that reputation somehow equals value, and they may also think that it couldn't be better elsewhere where there is no reputation, so why change. I can tell you that in the NYC area the best labs were never the ones with the top reputations. The best values in restaurants, mechanics, movies or anything else are usually not the prosperous ones with the top brand reputations either, so this shouldn't be surprising.

I'm sure you do good work, so don't take offense at this, but the philosophy of settling for something that's "better than they're used to" instead of doing your best, simply to save a few bucks, is something I've seen taken to extremes everywhere these days. It's driven the very best out of business. Maybe such beliefs are more endemic to the current economic crisis than we think - but that's another discussion on another group.

Cheers,
john castronovo
tech photo & imaging
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 3:18am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 5/18/06 4:51 PM, jc castronovo wrote:

Dan - you are so very right on this. Truer words are seldom said, yet I
don't know how to avoid doing it. Yours is the best model, "If you want to
know, come to one of my courses or buy my book". In my case, I'm standing
right there with someone picking my brains for a half hour for free. I've
actually had to defend our scanning work after someone brought it to Costco
to be printed and he didn't like the results. This defense and time cost me
more than actually re-printing Costco's work for free.

Hi John.

Isn't this a somewhat condescending and slightly spiteful attitude, one that implies that the best customer is an ignorant customer?

If our livelihood depends on our clients being clueless, our days are numbered already.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 4:52am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Hi John.

Isn't this a somewhat condescending and slightly spiteful attitude, one that
implies that the best customer is an ignorant customer?

If our livelihood depends on our clients being clueless, our days are
numbered already.

No, the best customer is never clueless. The whole reason we do educate the customer is to make them better and easier to communicate with and also so that they understand the difference between what we do and the less expensive sources. Dan's point, and I agree, is that most of them will eventually take that knowledge to find ways of doing their work for less elsewhere and they even teach the lower priced competition our hard earned knowledge, so it's a bad business model in an age where loyalty and integrity have all but vanished. It was better in the last millennium.

I've never had a mechanic invite me into his shop to teach me how to do my own brakes, but these days more customers are finding ways of getting free lessons with their work and there's no nice way to stop it when it gets abusive. How can you answer the arrogance of someone who's complaining that he can't get results as good as ours when he takes our scans to Costco or Kinkos and he's demanding that we fix it for him?

john castronovo
tech photo & imaging
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 4:58am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

John Castronovo writes,

Not really a change of view on my part because the scenario is different
where a file is being sent to a printer for a large order worth maybe
thousands of impressions and when a file is sent to a minilab for a print
worth less than a dollar. It would seem that in all cases, more
communication is always a good thing. In your second example, I still say
that the RGB profile should've been honored by the printer or at least
questioned if only because the size of the job. We're not talking about
pennies in that case.

OK, but just to make sure I'm not misunderstanding what you're saying, I'd like to verify that the following is your position: that, limited to this specific scenario (unknown client, small order, no specific instructions, 25 images of which most are either tagged sRGB or untagged and one is tagged Adobe RGB), your recommended behavior is to ignore the embedded Adobe RGB profile.

Your point about how more communication is better is noted and agreed to.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 6:56am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I'd always attempt to get the first question answered which is whether or not we're supposed to make adjustments to make "nice" prints or print them without correction. In the first case, no profiles would be honored as we'd be adjusting each image on the fly to yield what we think is a pleasing result. In the second case, we'd honor all embedded profiles and the ones that are not tagged would get assigned one that we believe to be correct. Without instruction we run the risk of being wrong either way but opt for the former of ignoring everything in most cases. What we know about the client plays into that decision.

To draw a parallel to film, the first case is like the traditional printing a roll of negatives and having the technician adjust each image and making reprints of the ones that need further correction, and the second case is like keying in to the gray card shot at the beginning of a roll of film and then printing without correction until there's another gray card (profile) signifying a change of exposure conditions.

john castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: "Pylant, Brian"
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 8:41am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

How can you answer the arrogance of someone who's complaining that
he can't get results as good as ours when he takes our scans to Costco or
Kinkos and he's demanding that we fix it for him?

Whenever I get a customer who compares my work to Kinkos, etc. in any manner I politely but firmly explain to them how Kinko's is at best a low- to mid-level consumer product, not professional output by any means, and if they want professional-level output then they shouldn't even be considering a shop like that.

IMO the same would apply to Costco, WalMART, Walgreens, etc. in regards to photo prints. Do professional photographers stick their flash drives into that little machine to get prints for their clients? Doubtful.

I see no harm in telling them that their expectations are exceeding the realities of the process they have chosen, and if they want better results then they need to select a better vendor. They are coming to you for professional work, and they should value your professional opinion. And if they still somehow feel that Cosco is right and you are wrong then they are probably clients you really don't want to keep anyway -- there is nothing wrong with "firing" clients you lose money on, especially because they irrationally refuse to accept reality.

BRIAN PYLANT
Manager, Electronic Prepress

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::

Disc Makers
7905 North Route 130, Pennsauken, NJ 08110
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Henry"
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 10:59am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 19, 2006, at 7:40 AM, jc castronovo wrote:

How can you answer the arrogance of someone who's complaining that
 he can't get results as good as ours when he takes our scans to Costco or
 Kinkos and he's demanding that we fix it for him?

Goodbye.

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 3:49pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

...plus a very swift kick in the pants!

Marco
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Rick Gordon"
    Date: Fri May 19, 2006 4:09pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Dan,

For the first test, you approached the vendors without explicit communication of your expectations and with a package that has the earmarks of an uneducated customer. ("Most of the files in my test were tagged sRGB, some were untagged, and one was tagged Adobe RGB.")

I think it would be useful to handle test #2 using the the same approach as before (so you're comparing apples to apples), but then run a separate test #3 in a different manner. Tell the vendor that the files are prepared as you want them, and that:

1) They should honor embedded profiles;

2) Where no profiles have been embedded, please assume the sRGB working space;

3) No enhancement or correction should be applied.

I might expect that some of the low-end vendors may not have much of a clue as to what you are talking about, but I would also expect that the high-end vendors might deal with your files differently based on that premise. If you do that, I think you will have created a test that is considerably more comprehensive, and ultimately more useful.

Rick Gordon
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Bob Frost"
    Date: Sat May 20, 2006 4:39am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Dan,

The answer to your question "Has anyone tried this? is YES. Many photography magazines do such tests about once a year to fill their pages and provide their readers with some idea of the current best photo labs to use.

What you don't seem to have ackowledged is that many photo labs have two levels of service. The basic cheap service, usually uses a Fuji Frontier which does not understand color profiles and which therefore requires sRGB files which they usually tell you in their instructions. Small 6x4 prints made by this service costs just a few cents, pennies, euros, yen, etc each, and the quality depends on the accuracy and frequency of calibrations. When I was in a camera shop in Tokyo recently, there was a row of about 20 DIY print machines; you sit in front of the machine, stick your camera card in, tell it what you want, and out come the prints.

But many photo labs have a second level of service that you have to ask for. That uses better machines that are color managed, do respect icc profiles, and which cost a lot more.

You get what you pay for. Most images are taken in sRGB, so that is what the cheap machines are designed for.

Bob Frost.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Sat May 20, 2006 4:39am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 5/19/06 4:40 AM, jc castronovo wrote:

I've never had a mechanic invite me into his shop to teach me how to do my
own brakes, but these days more customers are finding ways of getting free
lessons with their work and there's no nice way to stop it when it gets
abusive. How can you answer the arrogance of someone who's complaining that
he can't get results as good as ours when he takes our scans to Costco or
Kinkos and he's demanding that we fix it for him?

Hi again, John.

Reading your reply, I believe that I misunderstood you, for which I apologize. I understand your point better now.

On the plus side, the client can only hope to be able to do the work as well as you by just stealing a few tips from you here and there. I doubt that the results will ever be as good as *you*, the professional, can make them, and the proof is that they came back to you.

What I don't understand is why you ended up reprinting the job for free for such an unethical customer. Can't you just tell this sorry specimen to take a jump into the river? Using the nicest words, of course...

Best regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Sat May 20, 2006 11:59am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Bob Frost writes,

Dan,
The answer to your question "Has anyone tried this? is YES. Many photography
magazines do such tests about once a year to fill their pages and provide
their readers with some idea of the current best photo labs to use.

There was a rather extended thread on this topic a short time ago, in which there was no agreement on the list as to what such a test would show. If anyone had mentioned these articles then I would have been happy to have considered them.

What you don't seem to have ackowledged is that many photo labs have two
levels of service. The basic cheap service, usually uses a Fuji Frontier
which does not understand color profiles and which therefore requires sRGB
files which they usually tell you in their instructions.

No photo lab that I tested had a Fuji Frontier. One provider, a large general-purpose trade store, did. I rated its output marginally acceptable.

But many photo labs have a second level of service that you have to ask for.
That uses better machines that are color managed, do respect icc profiles,
and which cost a lot more. You get what you pay for.

That tired cliche is not supported by my results. As I indicated, although the best single performance was by a photo lab, on the whole, the low-cost providers outperformed the photo labs by a considerable margin.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Sat May 20, 2006 0:00pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

From: "Marco Ugolini"

What I don't understand is why you ended up reprinting the job for free for
such an unethical customer. Can't you just tell this sorry specimen to take
a jump into the river? Using the nicest words, of course...

Sometimes it comes to that, but I don't like being maneuvered into embarrassing myself in public that way (I don't know how to do it nicely). I'd much rather prove that there's nothing wrong with our work and hopefully turn the customer around to using us more in the future rather than taking our work to the cheapest source. A big problem is that many people want to believe that it's all the same except for the price. Surprisingly, I find this as often with professionals as with amateurs.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Sat May 20, 2006 0:00pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Rick Gordon writes,

Dan,
For the first test, you approached the vendors without explicit communication of
your expectations and with a package that has the earmarks of an uneducated customer.

Correct. I was trying to pass myself off as exactly that.

I think it would be useful to handle test #2 using the the same approach as
before (so you're comparing apples to apples), but then run a separate test #3
in a different manner. Tell the vendor that the files are prepared as you want
them, and that:

1) They should honor embedded profiles;

2) Where no profiles have been embedded, please assume the sRGB working space;

3) No enhancement or correction should be applied.

As I categorically recommend against establishing workflows that require strangers to honor embedded profiles, this test would be counterproductive. It is clear that the majority of labs don't know what profiles are and would be uncomfortable with such an approach. If I were thoroughly confident in the lab (as, for example, if it was John Castronovo's) then possibly it could be considered. But trying to force this kind of workflow down the throat of someone who doesn't understand it is asking for trouble. It's so much safer to write an action that converts everything to sRGB before giving it to them. Saves time, too.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Peter Leyland
    Date: Sun May 21, 2006 3:41pm(PDT)
Subject: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Dan - you are so very right on this. Truer words are seldom said, yet I
don't know how to avoid doing it. Yours is the best model, "If you want to
know, come to one of my courses or buy my book". In my case, I'm standing
right there with someone picking my brains for a half hour for free. I've
actually had to defend our scanning work after someone brought it to Costco
to be printed and he didn't like the results. This defense and time cost me
more than actually re-printing Costco's work for free.

john castronovo

I guess the future business model just won't include us? Digital printing along with most other things is destined to become a commodity and I am sure that should the Walmart's of the world suffer from customer abuse caused by failure to meet expectation then the equipment suppliers will inevitably respond by closing the loop. Perhaps they already have as it has been fairly well established that 'they' will only fail when presented with a image tagged with an alien profile (anything other than sRGB). Given that anyone who presents a tagged image hopefully knows what he, or she, is doing then what's the point in presenting anything other than a tagged sRGB to a Walmart or a Costco? Even more to the point why do so without saying so? What is so wrong with adapting the workflow ('yours') to suit the output device - especially so if price is a factor? We follow much the same argument when presenting tagged files to a commercial printer and it would seem to come up a similar range of problems. In so many ways the aims of colour management are blinded by a desire to be, or even appear to be, more knowledgeable than the next guy. There really is no point to it - neither the equipment nor the supplier make any claims to be totally colour managed and whilst 'we' do (John C and I) I suspect both of us take any such claims from a 'new' customner with a pinch of salt?

Hopefully the lack of total automation will see me out or at least allow me to sell my business as a going concern? Some of us, of course, just enjoy imparting our knowledge (to whoever will listen) and wouldn't it be nice is they paid us for it too! Actually that is the business model - if the customer wants to talk he will go somewhere appropriate and if he's lucky the prints will be OK as well...

Peter Leyland
PDQ Print Services
93 Commercial Street
Dundee DD1 2AF
T: +44 (0) 1382 201778
F: +44 (0) 1382 201776
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Steve Bye"
    Date: Mon May 22, 2006 5:13am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I've followed this thread with some frustration. All I need as a photographer is a way to be in control of color. Whether a photo lab honors profiles, or even understands them, is not important so long as they have a consistent process and provide a good profile for their printer. I can convert to their profile. Costco does this. That puts color under my control. With a consistent process and a good profile, I have no need to even talk to the photo lab.

I have created a Photoshop Action the sizes and sets the resolution of my images to Costco's published requirements, converts my tagged images to the Costco profile for their local Noritsu 3111, does a modest sharpening, then saves the files as quality 10 jpgs without an embedded profile. I can batch process 100s of photos using this Action. I then go online and download all my pictures to Costco and select "no correction." The next day I pick up my pictures. The limitations seem to be primarily due to the Noritsu 3111 color gamut.

As a photographer, the things I'd like the photo lab to improve would be:
1. A wider gamut printer
2. A wider selection of papers
3. I'd like the photo lab to drop ship photos in some cases
4. Cheaper prices for 8x10s

I'm glad I do not own a photo lab. They are going the way of film cameras. It's sad in a way, but it does no good to moan. The photographer now has pretty much total control, and total responsibility, and uses a high-volume photo lab to get prices down. Add a higher quality printer and there is no need to compromise quality.

Steve
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "fruitlessbeast"
    Date: Mon May 22, 2006 5:16am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

“Bob Frost"wrote, among other things:

But many photo labs have a second level of service that you have to ask for.
That uses better machines that are color managed, do respect icc profiles,
and which cost a lot more.

You get what you pay for. Most images are taken in sRGB, so that is what the
cheap machines are designed for.

Hi Bob,

True, a Frontier isn't CM savvy. but I'm curious, what better machines are you referring to in this "second level of service?"  

John Eakin
Warner Bros. Studios
___________________________________________________________________________
 
   From: "colorman042000"
    Date: Mon May 22, 2006 4:10pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

A word of encouragement to John Castronovo and Peter Leyland.

I have had an gratifying experience with a small "off the street" Fuji Frontier Mini Lab.  A few months ago after getting some very bad scans from a highly regarded (and expensive) Custom Scanning Service outfit, I took the very same 2.25 x 2.25 transparencies to this Mini Lab and the results were one hundred percent better, for half the cost.

I have a question regarding that experience: the Mini Lab uses a Frontier Laser Scanner (?) How does it compare with a Imacon ?

Also, Peter, these statements that you made are very pertinent:
1- " What is so wrong with adapting the workflow ('yours') to suit the output device - especially so if price is a factor?"
2- "... what's the point in presenting anything other than a tagged sRGB to a Wal-Mart or a Costco?"

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Bob Frost"
    Date: Mon May 22, 2006 4:10pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

John,

The online service I have used recently is Photobox.co.uk (I'm in the UK). Their basic service uses the Fuji Frontier, and their other machine, which handles larger prints and is fully color managed, is a 'Polielettronica Laserlab'.

<http: //www.polielettronica.it/Public/Products/Digital_Printer/Laserlab_50x80/DataSheets/LaserLab50_Eng_2004-08-24.pdf>

Bob Frost.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Mon May 22, 2006 4:11pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

----- Original Message -----
From: "Steve Bye"

As a photographer, the things I'd like the photo lab to improve would be:
1. A wider gamut printer

Although the papers in use are the real limitation, our gamut is significantly larger than Costco because we use different equipment and we don't limit our dmax as much as they do so we have more saturated colors.

2. A wider selection of papers

The paper surface choices for everyone are Gloss, Matte and Luster. Some offer Kodak metalic as well. That's all there is unless you go to inkjet.

3. I'd like the photo lab to drop ship photos in some cases

You'd have to pay for the added service, but adding service and flexibility is what custom labs do.

4. Cheaper prices for 8x10s

Only for quantity orders.

I'm glad I do not own a photo lab. They are going the way of film cameras.
It's sad in a way, but it does no good to moan. The photographer now has
pretty much total control, and total responsibility, and uses a high-volume
photo lab to get prices down. Add a higher quality printer and there is no
need to compromise quality.

The only thing I moan about is that mediocrity has become good enough for professionals. I'll never agree that dumb machines operated by unskilled labor can outperform career technicians who've chosen their equipment for it's quality and flexibility rather than the best financial deal for hundreds of stores. I'm sure you don't sell your services as a photographer as the lowest bidder. You'll never convince me that if you had to pay an extra dollar for the assurance that you're getting the best prints, then you couldn't add it to your price and still keep as much on your bottom line. Saving your customer a buck only drives professionals out of the business.

john castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "todie"
    Date: Mon May 22, 2006 4:11pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I've used Lambda profiles with Frontier and they worked fine.
(your mileage may vary—as the cautious say : )

Laurentiu Todie
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Mon May 22, 2006 4:11pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 5/21/06 11:56 PM, "fruitlessbeast"  wrote:

Hi Bob,
True, a Frontier isn't CM savvy. but I'm curious, what better machines are you
referring to in this "second level of service?"

Sure it is if you use the PIC Pro front end. And I've built ICC profiles for a few users of Frontiers using this software.

Andrew Rodney
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "fruitlessbeast"
    Date: Tue May 23, 2006 6:40am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

-Steve Bye sadly wrote:

...I'm glad I do not own a photo lab. They are going the way of
film cameras. It's sad in a way, but it does no good to moan. The
photographer now has pretty much total control, and total responsibility...

Hi Steve,

It's unfortunate that many people, including software developers seem to share your view about the lack of necessity of photo labs. Perhaps that should be qualified. Many consumer photo labs have evaporated. They either couldn't keep up with technology or they couldn't convince their clients of their value. Then again certain software developers (and I'm not just thinking of Adobe and Apple here) have the new business model of enabling the photographer to be his own lab. Shucks, for the longest, I couldn't even buy a copy of Nikon Capture because I didn't own a camera. When it was explained that as a photo lab, we needed the software, the salesperson's canned reply was, "the photographers do that now".  I know this has the potential of rapidly spiraling off topic and I'll drop it after this post but I feel this is a better place than most to make it known that the photo lab needn't be passé.  And not   because of secret technical knowledge. There's a lot of image processing to be done and the sheer volume of some jobs isn't something I'd wish on any of my photographer friends. Try imagining 30 projects a year with between 15000 and 25000 images in each one. Oh yeah, I forgot. Raw images. What photographer wants to manage that?  There are still some labs that understand workflow, color management, and professional output.  Let's not say their eulogy just yet. Thanks and sorry for the near off topicness. It really is something to think about, though.

John Eakin
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "fruitlessbeast"
    Date: Tue May 23, 2006 6:40am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Bob,

Thanks for the reply and the pdf. That's a really expensive device. Here in the U.S. the Frontier isn't always relegated to bottom of the barrel output. It really does a good job with a good input.

Thanks!
John Eakin
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Thu May 25, 2006 2:32pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 19, 2006, at 5:07 PM, Rick Gordon wrote:

1) They should honor embedded profiles;

2) Where no profiles have been embedded, please assume the sRGB  
working space;

3) No enhancement or correction should be applied.

For RGB images, this ought to be the default behavior for both photo labs and commercial printers.

I just spoke to an operator for a photo lab in Fort Collins, and they are doing all color correction work in CMYK and outputting in CMYK,  and this is for a common photographic output device. It just makes no sense. Can you imagine what's going on behind the scenes when you give them an RGB images of any sort in such a scenario?

While many printers claim to print to SWOP, yet in fact don't, at least printers have such a specification and many follow some aspects of it. It's also been around longer than digital photo printing so it stands to reason it will be a more refined process because it knows where its own bodies are buried. Not so with digital printing on all of those accounts. If anything there are competing "standards" yet they aren't really standards (yet) in the same sense of ISO 12647,  SWOP or GRACoL.

A big part of this that people, including Dan, aren't getting is that the "look" of an image is subjective in a photographic context but not nearly so much in a print context. The "look" or rendering of an image in a design to print context is performed in advance. That look is built into the separations and the expectation is that printers will print reasonably the same in order to preserve that desired look.

That is not at all how things work in a photographic context. The  "look" or rendering is unique to the film type used, and now that that's essentially gone they render it at the time you give them the digital file. The digital file values are explicitly NOT what will be printed, especially in a 49 cent per image context. And the photographic paper used also yields a unique look. The photographic print world has not yet gotten to the point where color rendering or re-rendering has been decided in advance. It still occurs on-the-fly,  so it stands to reason that you will get wildly different results from a given RGB file with different photo labs.

Yet why they continue to have process control problems is impressively absurd. But this is from an industry that has hardwired sRGB as the source space expectation on printers costing tens if not hundreds of thousands of dollars, and regularly use crappy colorimeters that pass self-calibration when they shouldn't. It's insane that these printers don't know what an embedded profile is well more than half the time and can't be compelled to use one. It's the year 2006 and brand new printers still come with questionable process control gear, and a hardwired sRGB source with proprietary color management at the back end. What is wrong with this picture? We have the technology but the vendors still believe in secret sauce over consistent let alone standardized output. That's the state of affairs.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Thu May 25, 2006 2:41pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

While the question orginally raised is valid, and Dan's initial results are interesting, they are not statistically valid. There is no margin of error provided, and no confidence level provided. The margin of error would be enormous because the sample size is infinitesimal. The confidence level would be extraordinarily low because there a scientific sample doesn't exist.

The condition for the exercise pits random printers vs. random photo labs. There is ample evidence that the photo lab sample is not random, and is thus not a scientific sample. Without a scientific sample you cannot make the grand conclusions that have been made.  

There is good reason to surmise the printer sample is also not random, even though the sample size may be large based on Dan's vast experience working with printers all over the world. He comes into contact with these printers on a decidedly non-random basis. He either chooses them as a printer for non-random reasons, or they hire him which also makes the relationship non-random, or his publishers choose them, which also makes the relationship non-random.

So thus far, the comparison is made with two non-randomly selected samples making it a totally pointless exercise, statistically and scientifically speaking.

Further the samples were tainted, as unacceptable product from a photo lab was not suggested to be caused by process control problems,and not excluded from the subjective grading system used, yet it easily could have been a process control problem. Yet Dan excludes unacceptable product from printers due to a process control problem.

The methodology used is grossly flawed to arrive at a conclusion that uses such firm and confident language.

The two groups are actually mutually exclusive on the basis that one has a business model based on producing one print minimum up to maybe several hundred prints, and the other will start at several hundred prints minimum (but usually more than 1000) up to tens of thousands. Thus the photo lab has a customer invoice probably around $40 on average, whereas the printer has an average customer invoice of $4000. Two orders of magnitude different, and yes this is going to be a huge factor in process control.

One model must use some form of color management, even if proprietary, because RGB files are never used as raw control signals in photographic output. Whereas it is routinely the case that CMYK files are used as raw control signals in photographic output. They're completely different models, and completely different printing processes, with completely different color management methods.

Photo labs often depend on crummy calibration hardware that itself often says it's calibrated but it actually isn't, and they don't use the same instrument for calibration. Each printer has its own, and that can lead to more variation than you'd find at a commercial printer.

We really can't do an apples to apples comparison between the two samples because they're so different. Is it fair to expect a photo lab to accept tagged RGB images, and honor the embedded profile? Yes it is. Because if they don't, it won't print correctly. It's the same with a commercial printer as well, so why are they not getting RGB images in their test files? Either the test file suite contains all possible permutations in common with both parties, or we need to agree on a subset of images they are most likely to receive. It's decidedly uncommon for photo labs to receive tagged RGB images, except perhaps those who cater to more high end clientele. At a high price of 49 cents per printer, that is not this group of photo labs.

Who would propose that 49 cent/copy photo labs could possibly have the process control capability of a 5 year old using crayons, let alone a commercial printer? Why are these two models even being compared in the first place?

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Henry" hd@imagers.com
    Date: Thu May 25, 2006 4:29pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 25, 2006, at 4:05 PM, Chris Murphy wrote:

 Who would propose that 49 cent/copy photo labs could possibly have
 the process control capability of a 5 year old using crayons, let
 alone a commercial printer? Why are these two models even being
 compared in the first place?

My guess is:

When reading a book that is aimed at educating and informing folks about color behavior in both venues, one would expect to find some comparisons and contrasts.

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Thu May 25, 2006 4:50pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

----- Original Message -----
From: "Chris Murphy"
]
For RGB images, this ought to be the default behavior for both photo
labs and commercial printers.

You haven't spent much time on the other side of the desk in a lab Chris. I've actually had professional photographers upset with me for NOT adjusting their submitted files to print better than they were prepared. I get a file from a pro that looks off color, but I don't know if it's an effect that he's after, so I print it as I got it. Why is he upset for forty cents? I'd expect this of an amateur who doesn't have the equipment or the knowledge to adjust their files but not a pro. I've had pros tell me to ignore their profiles too (why are they there?!).

The fact is, we got both requests, adjust or match the file, in equal proportion. Sometimes we have to pry it out of them, but the questions need to be asked if we don't want to surprise them later. Any test that doesn't begin with instructions isn't worth doing.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Howard Smith
    Date: Thu May 25, 2006 9:50pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Chris,

You are obviously a brilliant fellow with a knowledge of color management that dwarfs that of most of the Forum participants.  Your argument is sound and certainly makes a number of valid points.

That said, and said in all sincerity, I must add a comment of my own that is neither scientific nor based on anywhere near your experience in color management.  Your argument is very common in the scientific world and is no doubt why science has developed to the extent that it has over the years. Rules and logical thinking are great. Yet I feel very strongly from my own experience in research that there is much to be gained from an approach like Dan's which may not be scientifically valid but rather represents a bold attempt to explore new territory in an effort to further the work of those who have faced similar frustrations.  Sometimes the truly momentous discoveries are made by those who don't follow established scientific methodology.  What usually happens to such adverturous folk is not always pretty because they pretty much get stomped for not following the rules.  

While I'm old enough now to be amused at what may or may not be justified stomping, the younger members of the Forum should understand that there's nothing at all wrong with sticking your necks out for what you believe in. Just be prepared to face the prospect of the guillotine, or at least the ridicule of your fellows for breaking away from accepted belief and trying something quite unorthodox.  Science and the scientific method are great, but then so is radical, outside-the-box thinking.

Besides, things like Dan's Photofinishing Test stimulate enough controversy and new ideas to benefit nearly anyone with any real interest in this field of work.  And of course your own post just gives all of us that much more to consider.  Most of us will no doubt accept the validity of your comments while a few of us will remain convinced that Dan was right all along no matter what the statisticians may say.  After all, statisticians don't face the kind of non-analytical problems that we do.  We can measure and compute the dickens out of our image data but the quality of the final result still will depend on our non-numerical judgment.

Howard Smith
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Fri May 26, 2006 9:45am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 5/25/06 10:22 PM, "Howard Smith"  wrote:
 
While I'm old enough now to be amused at what may or may not be justified
stomping, the younger members of the Forum should understand that there's
nothing at all wrong with sticking your necks out for what you believe in.

Yup, like the idea of the earth being flat or intelligent design.

Thank god for rational scientific thinking (thanks Chris). I was wondering all along what the point of all this was.

Andrew Rodney
http://www.digitaldog.net/
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Maris V. Lidaka Sr."
    Date: Fri May 26, 2006 0:26pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Andrew Rodney wrote:

Thank god for rational scientific thinking (thanks Chris). I was
wondering all along what the point of all this was.

It would be helpful if you accepted the Test for what it is rather than critiquing it for what it does not purport to be.

It is the beginning of an *inquiry*.  It does not purport to be a comprehensive scientific study.  You are both welcome to make such a study in accordance with scientific principles as you see them and to post your own results .

Maris V. Lidaka Sr.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Mike Russell"
    Date: Fri May 26, 2006 5:08pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Unlike religion, science is pragmatic before it is rational.  Say what you will about Dan's handful of examples, it is a handful more than the "all talk and no images" I've seen his critics provide time and time again.

Mike Russell
www.curvemeister.com/forum/
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Bob Frost"
    Date: Sat May 27, 2006 11:16am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Maris,

It would be helpful if you accepted the Test for what it is rather than
critiquing it for what it does not purport to be.

As I said in an earlier post, it seems to be just a set of observations that many Photographic magazines carry out year after year to advise their customers which photofinisher produces the best prints. So what's new?

It is the beginning of an *inquiry*.

Ah! With what purpose?

It does not purport to be a comprehensive scientific study.

You could have left out the word comprehensive.

Bob Frost.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Eric Basir/Photo Grafix"
    Date: Sat May 27, 2006 11:16am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

John, I totally understand your sentiment. However, it is fatalistic. Attitude is the rudder of our businesses in the stormy waters of business. Every industry, art form, government or vaccine is always under threat of being overcome or replaced through the "miracle" of technology and greed. However, in chaos there is always opportunity--a chance to benefit for self and others with or without good morals.

Maybe you should consider offering a class to your curious customers. A quick "Color Reproduction Primer." Charge them accordingly. So instead of getting into details, tell them, "you need to take my class; you'll really benefit from it." Although you may probably lose this customer to Costco, you will make some money and learn how to be a good teacher (and possibly write a book that you can also sell to curious customers). Moreover, those that will be loyal--and there is still such a thing--will be even more convinced of your expertise, telling others about you.

There is a very popular plumbing company in the northern suburbs of Chicago called Bishop Plubing. They have a stellar reputation, flat rates and fast service. They also know how to stay in touch with past customers, sending calendars, coffee mugs and what not. I know, as I tried to be a plumber and made a mess that they needed to fix (smile). Anyway, they also sell this natural bacterial powder that you can mix with warm water and pour down your drain. It slowly breaks down soap, hair, etc, helping you to keep clean drains. It takes discipline to apply it every month. But it works.

My point: These folks, like you, render a useful service with excellent customer service. But they also make a little money--and build a stronger reputation--by selling a product to help customers do their own (preventative) plumbing.

In my research--and experimentation--I've found that almost every business model will break. However, if your model is based on the Law of Increasing Returns--rendering useful service, avoiding the primal fear that everyone is looking to rip us off and finding ways to do some of it without the expectation of pay--you can practically glide through the rough waters of our business.

As an aside, I tell customers and students to have their prints made at a lab. Any lab. Over the years, I haven't had one bring me a good print made with an Epson, Canon or HP inkjet printer. Although I can do it and everyone on this list can do it, consumers just don't know what they're doing.

--
Eric C. M. Basir
Photo Grafix
http://www.abetterreality.net
847-673-7043
___________________________________________________________________________
 
   From: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Sat May 27, 2006 11:16am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 5/26/06 3:39 PM, "todie"  wrote:

The test has a lot to do with "simple choice" (aren't you "pro choice"
Andrew? : )

Yup, I'm certainly pro choice.

I'm also pro science or at least, I like to think that when someone presents some kind of test data, it has some basis to make an informed analysis.

An example of what may or may not be such a test (but at least which is made using a speck of empirical measure): I have a few dozen spectral measurements of Kodak Matchprint proofing systems I've made over the years. The device is the same while the substrate ranges from Commercial to Publication and Superwhite. I could decide to make this a known variable in my study or not. But I know which is which and I admit that there is some variation in the samples. However, I have no idea how many shops in the U.S. use this specific Kodak contract proofing system so even having say a dozen samples in no way validates that my sampling is enough to form any kind of analysis.

I can tell you the average deltaE using any metric you wish over the entire sample and I can tell you the worst deltaE of any two shops. I can say that none are identical yet I can tell you how close any two or more shops are from each other or from what is considered the recommended target value of this device (by Kodak). The data was all obtained using a fairly precise set of instrumentation. But I can't tell you based on the sampling if this is a normal or expected behavior of ALL or even a representative number of Kodak Matchprint systems in the U.S. (outside the U.S. I have no idea since every device I've measured have resided in the US but again, I don't have to tell you this).

I could probably find the states where each device resides and fudge some opinion about which Red or Blue state aims their Matchprint closer or farther from the suggested calibration aim point based on the manufacturer. But this would really tell us nothing about how well or poorly republications versus democrats target their Matchprints since I never asked the owners or operators what party they belonged to. But I could if I wanted, make such a statement which would be based on pure speculation on my part. That I might be able to convince some readers that I had produced some scientific method of determining which party calibrated their Matchprints closer to the recommended calibration, someone as sharp as Chris would easily see that I was stretching the "facts" if you can even call them facts. Others would buy into the "science" (if you can call it that, I can't) that Red or Blue states are better suited to produce a Matchprint based on Kodak standards.

Such a study could be said by some to "be a start" in determining which party produced better Matchprints but I don't really think so. Some could say "this is a start" in determining how different shops calibrate their Matchprints from each other but again, the sampling is far too low to really make such a call. But at least I can provide real metrics based on a specified sampling measured using an instrument and provide a unit of difference that is clearly defined. That's a start but I'm not sure it's worth publishing.

Andrew Rodney
http://www.digitaldog.net/
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Maris V. Lidaka Sr."
    Date: Sat May 27, 2006 1:38pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Bob Frost wrote:

Maris,
As I said in an earlier post, it seems to be just a set of
observations that many Photographic magazines carry out year after
year to advise their customers which photofinisher produces the best
prints. So what's new?

What's new is that Dan Margulis knows to look for blown-out highlights and blocked shadows in the prints.  I don't know what criteria the various photo magazines use.  I know and trust Dan's criteria for "best prints".

Maris V. Lidaka Sr.
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Steve Bye"
    Date: Sat May 27, 2006 1:38pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Your comments on poor process control are troubling. Fixing this problem does not require experts. All kinds of businesses use equipment that must be accurately calibrated. Most of these machines are designed to be easily calibrated by non-technical people. The calibration accuracy is built into the machine's design, not the responsibility of a trained technician. Calibration can run automatically at periodic intervals.

Regarding Dan's test, I think the goal should not be that I can send a file to any lab and get the same printed result. The goal should be that I can choose a lab and get good repeatable results from it, inexpensively. To me, all that requires is a process that is in control and well profiled. I don't
need to talk to a color expert at the lab. All I need is the ICC profile.

Though I do not understand why the lab would not honor embedded profiles, I'd rather do the conversion to their profile myself so I can dependably set the rendering intent rather than rely on them to do it. I can create a Photoshop batch file to do it so it is painless for me to do.

When I go to Costco, were I do my big job printing, I see that most snapshot photographers are entering their print order by plugging their CompactFlash card into a reader. This means that the average non-technical customer is actually supplying files tagged with the colorspace, since almost all new cameras do that. How ironic that, if the typical non-technical customer is savvy enough to set their camera to save images in AdobeRGB, they are actually degrading their printed pictures since their profile is not honored. That's the best reason to honor profiles. As a pro I can easily work around the printer not honoring my profile by doing the conversion myself. Joe Blow cannot. Joe Blow is what is driving the market. He's the reason profiles should be honored.

Steve Bye
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 10:56am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I've combined responses to three different posts in order to avoid multiple postings.

On May 26, 2006, at 11:26 AM, Maris V. Lidaka Sr. wrote:

It would be helpful if you accepted the Test for what it is rather than
critiquing it for what it does not purport to be.

For what it is? The test posting either contains misstatements and slander, or hyperbole. Either of which taints a posting that raises a valid question with interesting results.

Dan used the words:
"conclusion(s)"
"disgusted"
"mindless color management apologists"

And attributing to them that "all printers are brain-dead." I would like Dan to provide a quote from any such "color management apologist" who has said all printers are brain-dead.

It is the beginning of an *inquiry*.  It does not purport to be a
comprehensive scientific study.  You are both welcome to make such a study
in accordance with scientific principles as you see them and to post your
own results .

Beginning of an inquiry that contains the statement: "I have now done enough of the testing to be able to give a conclusion, which is, the variability is considerably worse than that found at commercial printers."

Baloney. I do not buy the assertion that this is the beginning of an inquiry. This is not my first day at the rodeo, and I'm not buying what Dan is selling. It smells of a steaming pile. Now it easily COULD have been the beginning of an inquiry if it didn't contain grand sweeping statements and course accusations. The tone of the  "report" is not merely intellectually provocative, it's abrasive.

================================

On May 25, 2006, at 10:22 PM, Howard Smith wrote:

While I'm old enough now to be amused at what may or may not be justified
stomping, the younger members of the Forum should understand that there's
nothing at all wrong with sticking your necks out for what you believe in.

There's nothing wrong with proposing any idea, no matter how controversial. Again my complaint is the choice of language, given the methodology used. It's not anal retentive to insist upon use of scientific method when making grand sweeping statements, even if those statements turn out to be true. There are reasons why the scientific method exists outside of making more work for people to do. Use of non-scientific samples routinely points us to conclusions that are misleading or flat out wrong.

================================


On May 27, 2006, at 1:17 PM, Steve Bye wrote:
Your comments on poor process control are troubling. Fixing this problem
does not require experts. All kinds of businesses use equipment that must be
accurately calibrated. Most of these machines are designed to be easily
calibrated by non-technical people. The calibration accuracy is built into
the machine's design, not the responsibility of a trained technician.
Calibration can run automatically at periodic intervals.

In theory you're correct. In practice it requires a certain critical mass (as yet determined) to physically give birth to a bovine until the manufacturer's of this equipment actually make it work in a fool proof manner. Some of them may very well be foolproof, but I know for a fact some of them contain calibration equipment that says "pass" when it should have failed. The fault lies squarely with the manufacturer of the printer, not the calibration equipment, because they put the whole package together with the associated expectation.  

Under what conditions is such a failure likely to reveal a failed piece of calibration hardware that self-claims passing its own calibration test? That is a rather obscure problem.

Regarding Dan's test, I think the goal should not be that I can send a file
to any lab and get the same printed result. The goal should be that I can
choose a lab and get good repeatable results from it, inexpensively. To me,
all that requires is a process that is in control and well profiled. I don't
need to talk to a color expert at the lab. All I need is the ICC profile.

The request for process control is different for a request for an ICC profile. In a photo lab context, the primary context for printing digital images is to make them look good. Not accurate.

There is more than one way to render a digital capture to print, and that rendering is often proprietary with these systems, as they have been in photography for many decades. People choose Kodak over Fuji or vice versa for a reason. They have a unique rendering given the same source.

Digital has thrown a wrench into this because people can see the photo they took before it's printed. That didn't used to be the case, really. What they see on-screen is, in-part, setting an expectation that didn't exist before.

Process control can ensure neutrals print neutral, and skin tones are never blue or green, and tone response is uniform and consistent without blowing highlights or plugging shadows. But the conversion from sRGB to printer space is not JUST about color management, it also does have a proprietary rendering or flavor applied to it. And a big part of why is because, like the print world and perhaps even more so, the photographic world doesn't want to turn this process into a commodity. If everyone prints a little different, instead of exactly the same in a predictable manner, then it's seen as competitive edge.

Though I do not understand why the lab would not honor embedded profiles,
I'd rather do the conversion to their profile myself so I can dependably set
the rendering intent rather than rely on them to do it. I can create a
Photoshop batch file to do it so it is painless for me to do.

This is a distinctly different model than has previously existed in the photographic world. That is why it's not common and that's why it's not easy to convince a photo lab of the need to do this. If you have an ICC profile for their output process, it is implicit that *YOU* are providing the rendering, and final look of the image, rather than some proprietary process that provides the "Kodak look" or "Fuji look" to it.

How ironic that, if the typical non-technical customer is
savvy enough to set their camera to save images in AdobeRGB, they are
actually degrading their printed pictures since their profile is not
honored. That's the best reason to honor profiles.

We have the technology, it's all in place to make this happen easily. Why would the manufacturer's not want to accommodate Adobe RGB (1998)? Are they clueless of the need? Do they not care? Do some of them have a solution, some sort of software or firmware update but it hasn't been applied to the mini-lab printer? We have had the technology to do secure automatic updates for some time now as well. This stuff could be idiot proof but it really isn't. Why?

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 10:56am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
On May 25, 2006, at 5:40 PM, jc castronovo wrote:

For RGB images, this ought to be the default behavior for both photo
labs and commercial printers.

You haven't spent much time on the other side of the desk in a lab Chris.

I said *ought* :)

I've actually had professional photographers upset with me for NOT adjusting
their submitted files to print better than they were prepared. I get a file
from a pro that looks off color, but I don't know if it's an effect that
he's after, so I print it as I got it. Why is he upset for forty cents?

Sorry but I consider this one of those clueless professionals. At 40 cents, it's high order lunacy for someone to expect you to second guess what he's given you. At 40 cents, it's a commodity. It's manufacturing. Take the file and print it. That there may be a lot of these clueless professionals doesn't make them right.

I'd expect this of an amateur who doesn't have the equipment or the knowledge to
adjust their files but not a pro. I've had pros tell me to ignore their
profiles too (why are they there?!).

The clueless professional.

The fact is, we got both requests, adjust or match the file, in equal
proportion. Sometimes we have to pry it out of them, but the questions need
to be asked if we don't want to surprise them later. Any test that doesn't
begin with instructions isn't worth doing.

The workflow you have is a choice. It is not an absolute right or wrong.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 11:59am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

From: "Chris Murphy"

We have the technology, it's all in place to make this happen easily.
Why would the manufacturer's not want to accommodate Adobe RGB
(1998)? Are they clueless of the need? Do they not care? Do some of
them have a solution, some sort of software or firmware update but it
hasn't been applied to the mini-lab printer? We have had the
technology to do secure automatic updates for some time now as well.
This stuff could be idiot proof but it really isn't. Why?

In my experience, this requires third party software and there are enough to go around. We use Photoshop to do batch conversions to our lab's profile which give us a lot of flexibility, but there are other packages that can do it on the fly as they drive the printer. You're right though. I can't imagine what they were thinking when the manufacturers ignored the possibility of making profile aware front ends for their machines. It's not even so simple as saying that they accept sRGB because even that appears to be a generalization. They're not tuned to match sRGB by design at all. It just so happens that sRGB yields an acceptable gamma on them so it's conveniently said that they take files set up for sRGB. On many systems, it's not that easy to turn off all corrections too, even though you think you've done so.

One real problem lies in the fact that the actual output profile is determined by the paper one is printing on. With Fuji they have two different lines of paper. One is cheaper and has less silver and a lower gamut than the other. This is what the chain stores use. The pro version of Crystal Archive will give a different bigger profile. So the same machine can have two or more different profiles set up for Fuji paper alone. One would have to print targets, make profiles off line and load them into the printer even before making the recognition of an embedded input profile worthwhile . This is way beyond the needs of a Costco or Wal-Mart who buy most of these machines. Did I say buy? They're given machines in exchange for the consumables they buy.

john castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 11:59am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

From: "Chris Murphy"

Sorry but I consider this one of those clueless professionals. At 40
cents, it's high order lunacy for someone to expect you to second
guess what he's given you. At 40 cents, it's a commodity. It's
manufacturing. Take the file and print it. That there may be a lot of
these clueless professionals doesn't make them right.

Exactly right, yet that's the game we have here: take these 25 files and print them. What comes out is going to vary according to any number of workflows one may have and none is correct. They will vary because of the lack of instruction and the very low price. Results will even vary in the same lab from one week to another, and it's not the lab's fault.

john castronovo ___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Denton Taylor"
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 11:59am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

As an aside, I tell customers and students to have their prints made at a
lab. Any lab. Over the years, I haven't had one bring me a good print made
with an Epson, Canon or HP inkjet printer. Although I can do it and everyone
on this list can do it, consumers just don't know what they're doing.

Hi Eric:

They certainly don't but I have to say that the technology embedded in inkjet printers has enabled consumers to make remarkably good prints (if they have good originals) without knowing what a color profile is.

Regards,

Denton Taylor
photogallery at
www.dentontaylor.com
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 8:11pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 28, 2006, at 12:30 PM, jc castronovo wrote:

 It's not even so simple as saying that they accept
sRGB because even that appears to be a generalization. They're not tuned
to match sRGB by design at all. It just so happens that sRGB yields an
acceptable gamma on them so it's conveniently said that they take files
set up for sRGB. On many systems, it's not that easy to turn off all
corrections too, even though you think you've done so.

All of these points I agree with. They also have an origin. And that is the concept of proprietary rendering occurring at print time being the traditional paradigm that has been carried forward to digital printing. The natural conclusion is "of course a single sRGB file prints differently everywhere." The question is whether it's acceptable, and I'd suggest 9 times out of 10 (or perhaps more) when it is not acceptable either it's a problem with the original (digital file) or it's a process control problem.

The amount of effort put into these proprietary renderings isn't to be underestimated. :) The manufacturer's have pushed a lot of images through these renderings to get the look they want, to set themselves apart from their competition.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 8:15pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 28, 2006, at 12:37 PM, jc castronovo wrote:

Exactly right, yet that's the game we have here: take these 25 files and
print them. What comes out is going to vary according to any number of
workflows one may have and none is correct. They will vary because of
the lack of instruction and the very low price. Results will even vary
in the same lab from one week to another, and it's not the lab's fault.

This is hardly different than popping some kind of Fuji film into your camera for one birthday party and Kodak film for the next, and having them developed and printed traditionally.

What's different in a digital world? The little view screen on the camera? The ability to see these images on a computer display before having them printed? For consumers, these things are a factor but likely not a big factor. For more sophisticated customers, including the people on this list, and Dan, of course the display has set a certain expectation, in advance, that wasn't there in a traditional film world.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 8:17pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 5/28/06 11:17 AM, Denton Taylor wrote:

They certainly don't but I have to say that the technology embedded
in inkjet printers has enabled consumers to make remarkably good
prints (if they have good originals) without knowing what a color profile is.

Hi Denton.

That's a big "if". What and who determines that an original is "good"? What
is the standard? Is it completely subjective (in which case "good" means
little for anyone else), or at least partly objective?

Also, I am not sure which "technology embedded in inkjet printers" you are
referring to, exactly. It is still very possible to make cruddy prints with
the best inkjets, "embedded technologies" or not.

As it is possible to spend a lot of time on any one print, through
trial-and-error, without the use of color profiles, until something comes
out that is close to what one wants. Incidentally, besides being very
wasteful of time and consumables, that was a widely-used procedure even
before these "embedded technologies" came on the scene. Too bad that
whatever results one achieves this way are valid only for one machine with
one paper type and one ink set. Try to reproduce that on another set of
media, and you have to start over. Ouch...could start one drinking. :-)

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Sun May 28, 2006 8:21pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 28, 2006, at 12:17 PM, Denton Taylor wrote:

They certainly don't but I have to say that the technology embedded
in inkjet printers has enabled consumers to make remarkably good
prints (if they have good originals) without knowing what a color  
profile is.

This is a really good point :) Inkjet process control (while easily sabotaged) is much more built-in and foolproof than minilabs. They are so consistent they don't need calibration equipment. If you use manufacturer inks and paper and choose the right driver settings (i.e. the media type you're using; and even some of them autosense now), viola you get GREAT prints without even needing a desktop computer.

That it isn't this foolproof for a Nortisu or Fuji printer costing tens of thousands of dollars is embarrassing and appalling. Or at least it should be.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "John Denniston"
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 4:28am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

At 01:05 PM 5/25/2006 , Chris wrote:

Dan's initial results are interesting, they are not statistically valid
There is no margin of error provided, thus not a scientific sample. Without a scientific sample you cannot makethe grand conclusions that have been made.  
... totally pointless exercise, statistically and scientifically speaking.
... the samples were tainted,
The methodology used is grossly flawed to arrive at a conclusion that uses
such firm and confident language.

and a few days later Chris said:

"I'd suggest 9 times out of 10 (or perhaps more) when
it is not acceptable either it's a problem with the original (digital
file) or it's a process control problem."

Is that a suggestion based on statistically valid scientific methodology using untainted samples and a margin of error provided? ;-)

Regards,

John Denniston

www.dennistonphoto.com
www.dirtbikephoto.com
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: "Les De Moss"
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 6:26am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Chris Murphy wrote,

....For more sophisticated customers, including
the people on this list, and Dan, of course the display has set a
certain expectation, in advance, that wasn't there in a traditional
film world.

True for negative film, but not so with color transparency film. An original
color transparency has always given the photographer a certain expectation
of the printed result.

Les De Moss
DigiGraphics LLC
___________________________________________________________________________
 
    From: John Castronovo
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 9:23am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

An interesting comparison. At least everyone pretty much agrees how a transparency should be viewed so it's easier to match. With digital files that have questionable profiling and viewing conditions that are unique and possibly uncontrolled at the customer's end, it's difficult to say what the expectations are. Honoring the profile is the best bet we have.

john castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 9:23am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Chris Murphy writes,

And attributing to them that "all printers are brain-dead." I would  
like Dan to provide a quote from any such "color management  
apologist" who has said all printers are brain-dead.

Anything to oblige. The quote comes online in response to a query as to why sophisticated CMYK users profile proofing systems rather than printing presses. The reply:

"They're trying to achieve reliable, quality color while dealing with brain-dead print shops who refuse to even consider using color management--if I give them data that prints a good proof, then they can match it on press without having to worry about all that new-fangled calibrationist colorsync crap we don't need because we know the numbers and my daddy didn't need it or his daddy before him blah blah blah. Having reliable presses and a profile of the press would be better--but this is one way to do things until the print shops wake up."
--Chris Cox
  Adobe Systems, Inc.
  CCMA (Certified Color Management Apologist)

Of course, today even Chris Cox understands that profiling presses is like profiling the wind, which is why today he, like everyone else, has migrated to my 1998 position, which is that you let the press chase something stable, like a well-controlled proof or a standard condition such as TR001, rather than attempting to have the proofing process chase a greased pig.

I could cite many more quotes just as vituperative and just as silly as this one.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Dan Margulis
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 9:30am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

While the question orginally raised is valid, and Dan's initial
results are interesting, they are not statistically valid...Without a
scientific  sample you cannot make the grand conclusions that have been made.   The methodology used is grossly flawed to arrive at a conclusion that  
uses such firm and confident language.

Which grand conclusions are you talking about? The only conclusions I drew were that photo labs cannot be relied on to honor embedded profiles and that the level of repeatable variation is greater in photo labs than in commercial printers. It appears from your post that you agree with both of these conclusions.

As for the "statistically valid" part, it never ceases to amaze that people with no background in statistical analysis are so eager to couch their own language in pseudoscientific babble. I prefer to just look at the images and draw the same conclusions any other layperson would. However, FWIW, the methodology is just fine, and amply supports the conclusions by any accepted scientific standard. You are making the mistake of assuming that because the sample is small there is no way to extrapolate it to a much larger population.

That would be correct if the concept were considerably more expansive. To prove a broad general concept, you need a relatively large and representative sample. To *dis*prove some effect, the sample only needs to be free from any suspected bias for or against. It need only be large enough to establish that the effect cannot exist because otherwise the sample would be an aberration so enormous as to defy belief.

Anyone who is willing to rely on an outsider to honor a profile surely has to believe that the odds of it being honored are 99% or greater, but say that 95% is acceptable. If 95% of photo labs honor profiles, then the odds against my result (all seven independent sources ignore them) exceed a billion to one. So, even though the sample is only seven out of an enormous number of labs in the U.S., it is statistically certain that the percentage of labs that honor profiles cannot be as high as 95%.

Beginning of an inquiry that contains the statement: "I have now done  enough of the testing to be able to give a conclusion, which is, the  
variability is considerably worse than that found at commercial  
printers." Baloney.

No, statistical certainty. A statistician would demonstrate this not with the hopelessly primitive Delta-E, but with a group of bell curves showing performance in L, A, and B. I know the typical variations of web printers because I have dealt with more than a thousand of them. The standard deviation of my small sample is 1.5x-2x higher in the A than in the universe of web printers, and 2.5x-3x higher in both the L and the B.

It is entirely possible that sampling 50 more labs could produce a major improvement in these dismal figures. It is *not* possible that it could approach the consistency of web printers, because If photo labs truly had the same variation as commercial printers, then around a quarter of my 21 composite values (7 photo labs x L*a*b*) would be between four and six standard deviations off the mean. These aberrant values are contributed by not by one rogue operation but by four different labs out of the seven.

If photo labs are really as consistent as web printers, the odds against such a poor performance occurring as normal variation are several hundred billion to one. That's why I was able to make the statement that you quote (and apparently agree with, despite the bile), even though the testing was not complete.

Further the samples were tainted, as unacceptable product from a  
photo lab was not suggested to be caused by process control problems,  
and not excluded from the subjective grading system used, yet it  
easily could have been a process control problem. Yet Dan excludes  
unacceptable product from printers due to a process control problem.

If any of the images were affected by poor process control I would exclude them; however all sample runs were internally consistent. David Harradine quite properly raised the question of whether the entire run of one lab might be an aberration. I replied that it was unlikely but is a possibility and that I would address it by re-running the test at some of the same labs a month later to see if the results were the same.  The month hasn't passed yet.

It's decidedly uncommon for photo labs to receive tagged RGB images,

Horrors, you can't mean this! What happened to the new order? What happened to adapt or die? What happened to resistance is futile? Don't you know that any provider who doesn't honor profiles by the end of 1999 will be out of  business?

Who would propose that 49 cent/copy photo labs could possibly have  
the process control capability of a 5 year old using crayons, let  
alone a commercial printer?

Several members of this list did, in response to my pre-testing request. Process control is much easier with the equipment that the labs use than it is with something that has as many moving parts and as many variables as a press does.

Why are these two models even being compared in the first place?

The two most common requests for improvements in the next edition of Professional Photoshop are more comprehensive coverage of channel blending and more information about how to prepare files for commercial printing, specifically with photographers in mind. I believe that many photographers have used photo labs and may be able to understand commercial printers better if we compare the two and explain why methods that get good results with one may not with theother.

Also, many readers believe, thanks largely to writings of some of your friends, that bad results in print are not the fault of bad printing or of poor file preparation, but rather of the international conspiracy among printers to ignore profiles and to resist all standards. It is important for readers to understand that photo labs are part of the same conspiracy, and should be approached with the same caution.

In making these points I will avoid pretentious cliches like "statistical validity". I will show the same files as printed by six different printers, and as output by six different photo labs. I will also show a single image printed six different times by the same printer, to give an idea of how much variation is due to bad quality control on the part of the printer. Readers can draw their own conclusions.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 9:34am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 5/29/06 7:25 AM, "Les De Moss"  wrote:

True for negative film, but not so with color transparency film. An original
color transparency has always given the photographer a certain expectation
of the printed result.

Printed to what? Certainly not ink on paper (4 color). Type R didn1t look like Ciba (I printed both from my chromes). Yes, you had a color reference as long as you viewed it under a 5000K box and mentally estimated how it would look as a reflective print and to any number of printing processes. But there was no guarantee by a long shot. And the gamut of CMYK ink on paper let alone the dynamic range was always a major guessing game. There was a certain expectation but rarely was that expectation met.

Andrew Rodney
http://www.digitaldog.net/
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy"
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 0:46pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 28, 2006, at 10:11 PM, John Denniston wrote:

Is that a suggestion based on statistically valid scientific methodology using
untainted samples and a margin of error provided? ;-)

John, it's called estimating. And you'll note it's devoid of grand sweeping statements, insults and/or hyperbole.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Chris Murphy”
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 0:47pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On May 29, 2006, at 9:39 AM, Dan Margulis wrote:

Anything to oblige. The quote comes online in response to a query as to why
sophisticated CMYK users profile proofing systems rather than printing presses.

The key quote from you is "the tactics of the mindless color management apologists who are always saying that all printers are brain-dead"

1. The quote provided does not conclusively say that all printers are brain-dead.
2. The quote says there are apologists, plural
3. The quote says these people are always saying it

Each is a tall order to demonstrate let alone in concert.

I could cite many more quotes just as vituperative and just as silly as this one.

Oh right, and your own quotes aren't bitter and abusive?

"CCMA (Certified Color Management Apologist)"
"mindless color management apologists"

When you get going, Dan, it's like a cross between a primate throwing his feces and an afternoon with children hurling playground insults. It's unnecessary and it has become boring.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Maris V. Lidaka Sr."
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 3:36pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Chris Murphy unfortunately wrote:

When you get going, Dan, it's like a cross between a primate throwing
his feces and an afternoon with children hurling playground insults.
It's unnecessary and it has become boring.

Chris,

I am a lawyer by profession, and I know better than to get into a 'pissing contest'.

If you have a bone to pick with Dan, take it outside.

If you have something worthwhile to contribute to this thread, which you have not to date, please contribute.

Maris V. Lidaka, Sr.
Riga Company
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "Ric Cohn"
    Date: Mon May 29, 2006 3:37pm(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

It's true that there's never been any perfect conversion methods. However, in thinking about this I do believe the essence is contained in the old paradigm of Transparencies Vs. Negatives.

In any lab-- pro or amateur-- a negative needs to be interpreted. Frequently it's color and brightness needs to be set without any reference unless a known original such as a color chart is included within the shot. A transparency is very different. It may have been carefully produced and the ideal end result should match the original as closely as possible, or it may be defective in some way that the creator is or is not aware of which needs to be fixed or not fixed by the person making a print. Whether a change from the original should be made (i.e. the "profile" is honored) depends on how the transparency looks. A transparency viewed in a very non-controlled environment will give a poor idea of how it will look when printed with good process control.

I'd say traditional one-hour type film labs have always processed primarily color negative film taken under uncontrolled conditions with cameras that are no more accurate than they need to be for decent color negative exposure. I'd also say that while the majority of digital cameras out there probably do a more consistent job than the old amateur film cameras the analogy still holds. These labs need process control, but in no way are they good candidates for honoring profiles.

I'd also say that a one-hour type lab receiving digital images is closer to a traditional color negative processor than a high-end custom photographic printer. Hence, I'd expect a Costco or similar to turn on automatic adjustments. These will give the majority of images a good tonal range, look for a neutral and probably be sophisticated enough to favor pleasing skin tones. In making these kinds of changes I don't believe it matters much whether there is an imbedded profile.

I'd say the print consumers that both know what they are doing and have taken the time to make their files match their expectations is infinitesimal in the overall market. Even a custom lab such as John Castronovo's is likely to have professionals bring files for cheap mini-lab type prints where the files are not individually corrected by the photographer and their expectation/hope is that he will correct them better than a Costco. In fact, I'd say a good test of different labs would be whether they do well on a variety of images, both well exposed and in need of adjustments. Also, as Dan has pointed out for CMYK conversion methods, the better a system works on the majority of images the more likely it is to produce an occasional stinker. Is a good mini-lab the one that gives the most acceptable prints or the most very good prints?

OTOH, what does surprise me is the interest by vendors like Costco in dealing with the picky type of customer that would ask to turn automatic color correction off.

As far as the comparison with 4-color printers. The only place where I see any similarity is for the people who edit each image individually on calibrated systems and have an expectation of their output matching what they see. Images are not sent to these printers with the expectation that they will be fixed (although printers may frequently receive images that need to be fixed ;-)).

Ric Cohn
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Tue May 30, 2006 1:08am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 5/29/06 3:31 PM, "Ric Cohn"  wrote:

In any lab-- pro or amateur-- a negative needs to be interpreted.

Absolutely (just like a RAW file).

I'd also say that a one-hour type lab receiving digital images is
closer to a traditional color negative processor than a high-end
custom photographic printer.

I'd agree (going back to Chris's discussion of rendering). Again, much like the in camera rendering from RAW versus end user rendering of RAW using any number of converters.

In making these kinds of changes
I don't believe it matters much whether there is an imbedded profile.

Probably not. The need for an embedded profile is to define the numbers such that what the originator saw on their display had some resemblance to a final rendering upon output. You'd need the output profile for that to be the case. So I'd agree that for these kinds of users, profiles are not on their radar and they want pleasing color which probably doesn't match what they saw before the file was sent to the lab.

I'd say the print consumers that both know what they are doing and
have taken the time to make their files match their expectations is
infinitesimal in the overall market.

Well a lot of print consumers are printing themselves using desktop printers and are starting to question what they need to do to make the print and the screen match. Go over to DP Review Printer forum and see how many consumers and prosumers are asking about profiles and color management. (just do a search for sRGB or ICC Profile). The number of posts has skyrocketed in the last few years. That's another reason why we have $79 colorimeter packages aimed at this newer market.

Even a custom lab such as John
Castronovo's is likely to have professionals bring files for cheap
mini-lab type prints where the files are not individually corrected
by the photographer and their expectation/hope is that he will
correct them better than a Costco.

I certainly would. At least if I needed quick and clean proof sheets or the like.

Andrew Rodney
http://www.digitaldog.net/
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: "todie"
    Date: Tue May 30, 2006 1:08am(PDT)
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Maris,

Chris knows his "feces" as Dan does.

Their "gustibus" varies but I've heard of a time when their… car didn't. (they've carpooled at least one time : )

Laurentiu Todie
___________________________________________________________________________

    From: Peter Leyland
    Date: Tue May 30, 2006 1:09am(PDT)
Subject: Inkjets

Chris said (*in relation to the perceived 'quality' of a $50 inkjet using standard settings and proprietary papers)

'That it isn't this foolproof for a Nortisu or Fuji printer costing  
tens of thousands of dollars is embarrassing and appalling. Or at  
least it should be'

Not just mini labs either as the same could so easily be said of most RIP driven printers. The 'reason' being mainly down to the complexities of colour management and arguably the lack of understanding by the average vendor and user alike. Just as well that most have standard default settings but still require calibration each day. We have four Konica machines, two driven by Fiery RIPs and the third 'baby' machine has its own internal, non adjustable, RIP. A little tongue in cheek, but guess which one gives us the least trouble - and by implication the more consistent results? If nothing else it serves as a particularly good 'measure' of performance and beats a bunch of patches or other form of test print any day.

Peter
PDQ Dundee
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Tue May 30, 2006 7:55 am (PDT)
   From: "Les De Moss"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

From: "Andrew Rodney"

Printed to what? Certainly not ink on paper (4 color). Type R didn1t look
like Ciba (I printed both from my chromes). Yes, you had a color reference
as long as you viewed it under a 5000K box and mentally estimated how it
would look as a reflective print and to any number of printing processes.

Roughly, a statement was made that digital files provide a visual reference that did not apply to the traditional film world. I am simply pointing out that a digital image viewed on-screen and a color transparency viewed on a light table are similar in that they provide the basis for print expectations, regardless of how they are printed.

Estimating how an image will print has always been the case, regardless of the form of the original or the destination material. Whether viewing a digital image on screen or a transparency on a light table, comparison to the printed result requires a critical viewing environment, such as you stated above, as well as an understanding of the physical/visual differences between the source (reference) and destination material.

Les De Moss
DigiGraphics LLC
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Tue May 30, 2006 8:50 am (PDT)
   From: "Chris Murphy"
Subject: Re: Inkjets

On May 30, 2006, at 1:06 AM, Peter Leyland wrote:

We have four Konica machines, two driven by Fiery RIPs and the  
third 'baby' machine has its own internal, non adjustable, RIP. A  
little tongue in cheek, but guess which one gives us the least  
trouble - and by implication the more consistent results? If  
nothing else it serves as a particularly good 'measure' of  
performance and beats a bunch of patches or other form of test  
print any day.

If the Konica machines are all otherwise identical, here's what I'd expect:

Scenario A: If nothing is calibrated on a routine basis, then all machines drift the same. No printer is more or less consistent than any other. (Of course a different RIP can mean different color rendering to the same printer, however.)

Scenario B: If the Fiery driven printers are calibrated, but the baby RIP driven printer is not, I'd expect the baby printer to drift more. Effective calibration does moderate device drift. That's the whole point.

However experience shows that there's a lot of ineffective calibration for all sorts of reasons. If the measurement device itself is reporting the correct values (it is itself calibrated), there's a morass of calibration algorithms that do a crummy job. Maybe they don't have the granularity to bring the printer back to the same exact point of reference behavior (quite common actually). Maybe the calibration target being used isn't detailed enough and the right corrections aren't being applied to effectively tame the printer. Maybe, maybe, maybe. You'd think effective process control design would be vetted out better with expensive hardware like this, but it really isn't. Many of the process control problems are not the fault of photo labs but the manufacturer's of the printers in the first place. It's like they don't even know how their printers work in the real world. How often do they need calibration? Why don't they have a built in timer or warning for when they need to be recalibrated? Why can't they do it automatically? There are more questions than answers.

Because the equipment is easier to operate than a press, it take correspondingly a less skilled and knowledgeable operator to run a mini-lab than a printing press. And thus they are increasingly unlikely to be classically trained in well known process control methods. Printing press process control procedures have been well documented for decades. The procedures are consistent across all of a  particular class of printing. All lithographic presses conform to the same basic concepts of process control. This isn't the case at all with digital printers.

Who thinks it's possible to tell the difference between ineffective process control design, and ineffective process control procedures, by looking at a set of test prints? Distinguishing between the two may not seem important from a consumer point of view, but if we really want to know what's going on, it is an important distinction to address. Just because we don't have to distinguish between them in a litho world doesn't mean we can make assumptions in the photographic world, in lieu of facts.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Tue May 30, 2006 11:25 am (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 5/30/06 7:43 AM, Les De Moss wrote:

Roughly, a statement was made that digital files provide a visual reference
that did not apply to the traditional film world. I am simply pointing out
that a digital image viewed on-screen and a color transparency viewed on a
light table are similar in that they provide the basis for print
expectations, regardless of how they are printed.

Hi Les.

While that is true in a general sense, it is also necessary to define which kind of display it is that one is using for viewing: is it at all calibrated? And/or profiled? Does it respond well to calibrating and profiling? Some displays do not respond very well to either, usually the ones that are popular in high-volume consumer markets due to their "price point" (i.e., "cheap").

Estimating how an image will print has always been the case, regardless of
the form of the original or the destination material. Whether viewing a
digital image on screen or a transparency on a light table, comparison to
the printed result requires a critical viewing environment, such as you
stated above, as well as an understanding of the physical/visual differences
between the source (reference) and destination material.

Whereas the transparency itself does not change and is viewed using (hopefully) a light table with correct lighting in most cases, the digital file can be viewed via displays that are too light, too dark, too red, too blue, non-profiled, or incorrectly profiled, etc, or any combination thereof; to make things even worse, the file's color numbers might also be interpreted by the software through an incorrectly-assigned profile. Consequently, depending on whatever the specific case may be, the image file's appearance changes from one user to the next.

As important as the difference between source and destination are, I personally believe that a well-cared-for and -behaved system (to begin with, a profiled display plus proper use of profiles) gets one far enough towards dependable results to make those limitations secondary and well manageable.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Tue May 30, 2006 1:22 pm (PDT)
   From:Andre Dumas
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

--- Chris Murphy wrote:

While the question orginally raised is valid, and Dan's initial  
results are interesting, ...

 ... snip!

I too have found Dan's Photo Finishing Test interesting and enlightening, I have learned from people like John C. Castronovo and others that Mini Labs don't even honour a sRGB profile, their proprietary profile just happens to be close enough to sRGB to appear as if this is the profile that has been built into their machine.  I have a Fuji Frontier profile and it does appear to me to be very similar to sRGB.  The text in the heading in the profile says "sRGB" so could it be a modified sRGB profile ?

Dan's test also confirms the extreme variability of the results but I wonder if the variability would not have been much less if the test whad been limited to privately run Photo Labs and Mini Labs. AFAIC, the test would have been more interesting if chain stores (and similar outlets) had been left out of  the test.  

My experience with privately owned Mini Labs here in Ottawa has shown that the owner or manager of the lab is usually available on the spot and quite willing to discuss details of the work to be done, they also have insisted on giving me their profile so I could assign it to their scans and then convert to whatever profile I wanted.  For one or two dozen advertising posters they have also run a test image, for free.

Hearing from Andrew Rodney and Chris Murphy after so many weeks is really appreciated and so is their contrarians and expert views on the subject, given with such vigour!!!

Dan can you give me a detailed description of the symptoms of "calibrationism" I think I may have caught it ? What would be the best medicament to deal with it ?

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Tue May 30, 2006 3:58 pm (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Hi Andre.

You mean the *straw man* of "calibrationism" and the unnecessary medicament
for a non-existent syndrome?

I can hardly believe that anyone with a minimal sense of the requirements of
imaging would freely chosse to keep their equipment uncalibrated if given
the chance to do otherwise. I may be thick-headed, but what is really being
objected to here?

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Tue May 30, 2006 3:59 pm (PDT)
   From: Andrew Rodney  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 5/30/06 2:18 PM, "colorman042000"  wrote:

I too have found Dan's Photo Finishing Test interesting and
enlightening, I have learned from people like John C. Castronovo and
others that Mini Labs don't even honour a sRGB profile, their
proprietary profile just happens to be close enough to sRGB to appear
as if this is the profile that has been built into their machine.  I
have a Fuji Frontier profile and it does appear to me to be very
similar to sRGB.  The text in the heading in the profile says "sRGB"
so could it be a modified sRGB profile ?

I don1t know what would make you say that when you consider what sRGB is (a
synthetic color space based upon the behavior of a theoretical display: the
HDTV standard ITU-R BT.709/2). The gamut might be somewhat close but other
than that, I can1t see how a device that produces a reflective print with a
specific dynamic range is anything like an emissive device with its specific
dynamic range and specified chromaticity.

Nearly all the machines being discussed assume the RGB data is sRGB so a
conversion can take place to the output color space of the device. I have
lots of profiles from such devices. If you look inside sRGB and say
something like a Frontier or Noritsu profile, using something like
ColorThink, you1ll see they are not remotely close (they are not even the
same type of profile). The reference media is totally different.

I1m not sure what profile you got but it doesn1t sound Kosher.

Andrew Rodney
http://www.digitaldog.net/
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Tue May 30, 2006 11:17 pm (PDT)
   From: "Ron Kelly"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On 30-May-06, at 3:01 PM, Marco Ugolini wrote:

You mean the *straw man* of "calibrationism" and the unnecessary medicament
for a non-existent syndrome?

Marco:

What you're implying here is that "calibrationsim" is the TRUTH and that there can
be no problems with it.

Seriously, how can anyone challenge my point of view?

Sincerely,
Ron Kelly
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Wed May 31, 2006 8:50 am (PDT)
   From: "colorman042000" André Dumas  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

The term "calibrationism"  was originally defined (by Dan) as "(the) shutdown of all mental processes in the service of the notion that this is all mathematics and that machines always do it better."

I agree that "calibrationism" defined that way is bad but since Dan's definition rarely accompanies the term, it is plausible that many (like me) may begin to see the term "calibrationism" as casting a shadow of suspicion over the entire process of calibrating our display, printers, scanners etc.

May I suggest that the bad words "calibrationist" and "calibrationism", because of their close affiliation with the good word "calibration" be reinstated as good words to characterize those (like me) who believe that calibrating their equipment is important and necessary.

Or is it possible that the metastases have already invaded these two words to such a degree that a recovery is now impossible ?

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Wed May 31, 2006 9:06 am (PDT)
   From: "Frank Deutschmann"  
Subject: An observation
 
Reading all the discussion on the spate of minilab runs that Dan reported on, something pops to mind that I found interesting, and somewhat curious:

Long, long ago, consumers shot negative film, doing their best to properly set exposure (aperture and shutter speed), sent it away to be developed and printed, and got back prints that were semi-hand made: there was a person evaluating every image to some degree and tweaking the analyzer/printer settings to produce decent prints from (fairly crude by today's standards) negative film.  Sure there were box cameras - completely sans exposure (and even focus!) control - but photography with such cameras was really quite hit-or-miss in anything but excellent circumstances (artistic effects notwithstanding).

Over time, everything improved: cameras became sophisticated automated exposure and lighting computers, negative film achieved 12 full stops of useful (for consumer purposes) latitude, film processing became fully automated and shrank to the point where it could fit in a broom closet, and negative printing analyzers became fully automated and capable of pulling decent interpretations from horrendously lit/exposed negatives.  Every part of this evolution leveraged the other parts: there was huge growth in advanced amateur photography (driven by low cost, improved equipment, more readily accessible and shorter lag to development results, and yes, better results), but there was even more growth at the lowest rung of the business, the low end consumer.  In the low end, cameras leveraged the film/processing side extensively, and actually underwent reverse evolution: out with the computers, out with the aperture control, out with the shutter speed control, out with ISO selection (no exposure control, so not needed!), out with focus control (stepless to zone to just a few zones!), etc.  
 
And cameras and film and processing sold better than ever, and the industry - all aspects - was highly profitable, and everyone was happy.  
 
Certainly, there were (are) cameras at lots of different price points, with variable sets of these core features either present or absent.  But to me, the defining aspect of the consumer photography market - the low end -- is extreme reliance on the huge latitude of negative film, with the co-commitment reliance on a sophisticated analyzer/printing system, to deliver reasonable results for the consumer.  
 
And now, along comes consumer digital.  Today, the consumer sensors give about 5 stops of useable latitude (reminder: consumer, not amateur, not prosumer, and certainly not pro!), and the cameras are again fairly sophisticated computation units in an effort to achieve workable exposure on the digital equivalent of reversal film, shot in the unpredictable and variable lighting of the consumer's life.  Following exposure, the digital bits are handed off to be scattered into the wide world, sans post-processing: some are printed at the local minilab, some small number are printed at home on the domestic ink jet, and some are of course e-mailed and CD'ed and DVD'ed and whatevered.
 
But here's what I find so fascinating: in the consumer arena, we have traded off 12 stops of latitude coupled with a sophisticated and human-guided analyzer/printer for 5 stops of computer controlled latitude with no downstream processing other than in the camera (consumer, thus no PS!), and we expect decent workable consumer prints?  It's a miracle it works at all! To conceptualize the difficulty in this, imagine shooting slide film in any and all lighting conditions and having nothing but fully automated - no control -- processing and printing.  (Oh, and you're only allowed to meter through the viewfinder.)  The second part of this challenge - decent quality automated prints from reversal materials -- alone has so far stumped the industry, and this is an industry starting from generally proper exposures.
 
I would think that consumers (consumers: not amateurs, not pros, consumers!) would vastly prefer if their minilabs cheerily ignored any profile (or perhaps, as that is not truly possible, simply assumed some profile, and lo, sRGB is a pretty darned good choice), and instead performed conventional image analyzer scene interpretation and 'intelligent' (to the extent that electronics can be intelligent) printing.  In fact, I would expect (and yes, hope) that Fuji et al are actively scouring Dan's and others' books, and attempting to automate many/some of these image correction algorithms/techniques into their minilab software: now that they have achieved the basics of digital imaging (reasonable print cost, rapid turnaround, decent resolution and gamut), this would be a logical next area of competition.  Of course, if the minilab is doing image analysis and possibly image tweaking (technical term, that), the only external testing that is at all meaningful is the semi-objective old school photo rag testing: have a bunch of labs print a bunch of images, and see which we like...
 
Ultimately I think EXIF data exchange will prove far more important than profile information in consumer digital (one more time: consumer!); to the extent that profiles have become a necessary evil, they will of course persist, and are of course essential to the markets 'above' (in attitude at least) consumer, but in the consumer world, I would expect to see the profile largely swept under the proverbial rug, as there are so many bigger things to worry about.  (Gamut doesn't matter much if the highlights are blown, the shadows are blocked,  and Mom looks a sickly shade of green thanks to the Energy Star compact fluorescent, to state the obvious.)  What remains open in my mind is what impact these pressures from the consumer side will have on the commercial and amateur markets.!
 
Disclaimer: of course, all of the foregoing is merely my own impression, conveyed perhaps with some artistic license for exaggeration, and based on completely unscientific observations.  Sample population unknown, adverse selection completely likely, value highly questionable.
 
-frank
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Wed May 31, 2006 1:21 pm (PDT)
   From: "Mike Russell"
Subject: Definition of calibrationism  

My working definition of calibrationism is an obsession, to the exclusion of everything else, with profiles and the third party devices used to create them.

Since a calibrationist deals in measurements only, there is no reference to any particular image or visual phenomena. Only profiles and calibration procedures and devices matter. Color is a statistical aggregation to a calibrationist, and he will therefore pour scorn on the very idea of doing anything whatsoever, if it is solely based on a particular image or a small set of images.

The true calibrationist deprecates, as imperceptive or retrograde, anyone who does not "buy in", literally, to the calibrationist's domain of equipment and procedures.  You'll see the word "should" used in almost every sentence, and "meaningless" when referring to color values that are not perfectly armoured in calibration from capture to final display on monitor or paper.

As an example, if a skin tone has too much magenta, instead of removing some of the magenta to get a more pleasing skin tone, a calibrationist will launch into a long discussion of camera calibration scripts, standardized camera targets, monitor calibration gadgets, and multi $1000 colorimeter - spectrophotometer devices that should be used to add "meaning" to the color numbers.  An actual image, instead of being the end goal is of no importance whatsoever.  Not surprisingly, since individual images do not matter, only concepts, calibrationist books generally contain very poor quality CMYK illustrations, and teem with before/after comparison images that do not really show anything in particular.

I differ from Dan regarding the motivation of the calibrationist.  Although many people make their living, legitimately, from calibration related activities, I think the ultimate motication for calibrationism is psychological and not monetary.  It relates to the Purity of Essence concept put forth in the movie "Dr. Strangelove".  Eyes are organic. ill-defined, and messy.  So anything that can be viewed by human eyes is an irrelevant distraction, to a calibrationist.  Similarly, any natural variation in lighting, such as reflection of light by colored objects, or press variations, is irrelevant.

By extension, images, because they are for eyes only, are irrelevant to a calibrationist.  Only patches, measured patch values, and the algorithms that process them into profiles are "real" to a calibrationist.  If the image looks bad to someone, then there must be an error in the "chain of calibration".  In theory, a calibrationst could function equally well without vision entirely.  He is like a blind man with access to instruments and a knowledge of color theory, who believes that only machine generated data is relevant to any discussion of color.

The term Impressionism was originally coined as a derogatory term, later lovingly adopted.  Perhaps calibrationists will do the same for Dan's term,
and wear it as a badge of pride.

Mike Russell
www.curvemeister.com/forum/
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Wed May 31, 2006 1:22 pm (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 5/30/06 6:13 PM, Ron Kelly wrote:

Marco:
What you're implying here is that "calibrationsim" is the TRUTH and
that there can be no problems with it.

Ron,

First of all, I still have to understand what "calibrationism" is, since you assume that I understand your meaning: but I still don't. Sounds a lot like an insult, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing.

I am implying *nothing* that I am not saying. And, incidentally, I also wish that people on this forum would put a lid on the bad habit of attributing opinions and thought to others that they have never either expressed or endorsed, all for the apparent purpose of scoring a cheap point through the ancient ruse of the "straw man" that I mentioned earlier.

That having been said, I would also say with a good degree of confidence that calibrated equipment just works more dependably. Would you rather deal with the problems caused by non-calibrated equipment, or those that follow from calibrating it? The choice is up to you, and I cast no aspersions on your preference.

Now, that is my *whole* point, nothing more and nothing less.

Seriously, how can anyone challenge my point of view?

Well, don't get me stahted... :-)

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Wed May 31, 2006 1:22 pm (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 5/31/06 7:58 AM, colorman042000 wrote:

The term "calibrationism"  was originally defined (by Dan) as "(the)
shutdown of all mental processes in the service of the notion that
this is all mathematics and that machines always do it better."

Which also offers a perfect example of how a "straw man" is created: crediting to your opponent a thought or argument so ludicrously untenable as to be indefensible, with no regard to whether or not such position is either being accurately described or actually espoused by said opponent.

It's sad to see how much energy is being expended in such "straw man" arguments, any of which ought to be summarily dismissed instead as the toxic nonsense it is.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Wed May 31, 2006 10:33 pm (PDT)
   From: Andrew Rodney  
Subject: Re: Definition of calibrationism  

On 5/31/06 1:24 PM, "Mike Russell"  wrote:

My working definition of calibrationism is an obsession, to the exclusion of
everything else, with profiles and the third party devices used to create
them.

This thread is going to become as nonsensical as the resent one on RGB labs...

Since a calibrationist deals in measurements only, there is no reference to
any particular image or visual phenomena.

I know people who are pretty anal about calibrating their devices but I don1t know any who don1t output actual images after doing so. Maybe you know someone like this (could there be more than one or two on the planet?). I mean, do you really think there are people who obsess about measuring something and then never actually produce any output other than some colored patches?  

Only profiles and calibration
procedures and devices matter. Color is a statistical aggregation to a
calibrationist, and he will therefore pour scorn on the very idea of doing
anything whatsoever, if it is solely based on a particular image or a small
set of images.

Only? I would suggest that if you really do know such people, you recommend the 3get a life2.

As an example, if a skin tone has too much magenta, instead of removing some
of the magenta to get a more pleasing skin tone, a calibrationist will
launch into a long discussion of camera calibration scripts, standardized
camera targets, monitor calibration gadgets, and multi $1000 colorimeter

And how did anyone KNOW the skin tone was too magenta? They were looking at something like a display? Was the skin too magenta or the display? A legit question I think.

Eyes are organic. ill-defined, and messy.  

Very useful for some tasks, poor for others.

So anything that can be viewed by human eyes is an irrelevant
distraction, to a calibrationist.  Similarly, any natural variation in
lighting, such as reflection of light by colored objects, or press
variations, is irrelevant.

I really want to meet this one odd fellow you and Dan are talking about!

Now what part of this has anything to do with either color or theory? Must be a slow news day in the imaging world....

Andrew Rodney
http://www.digitaldog.net/
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Wed May 31, 2006 10:34 pm (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Definition of calibrationism

In a message dated 5/31/06 12:24 PM, Mike Russell wrote:

My working definition of calibrationism is an obsession, to the exclusion of
everything else, with profiles and the third party devices used to create
them.

Since a calibrationist deals in measurements only, there is no reference to
any particular image or visual phenomena. Only profiles and calibration
procedures and devices matter. Color is a statistical aggregation to a
calibrationist, and he will therefore pour scorn on the very idea of doing
anything whatsoever, if it is solely based on a particular image or a small
set of images.

[snip all the ensuing awkward and heavy-handed caricatured misrepresentations, along more or less the same lines...]

Hi Mike.

Nice example of parody and/or self-parody. Good for a cheap laugh.

So, thank you for that. :-)

As for nutritional value, not much, I'm afraid. I fail to see where there would be room for reasoned argument in your world, since the alternative, apparently, is only fit for dunces and knaves.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 6:24 am (PDT)
   From: "Dan Margulis"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Andre Dumas writes, in two separate posts,

I agree that "calibrationism" defined that way is bad but since Dan's
definition rarely accompanies the term...

In view of the disagreeable personal tone that has IMHO poisoned this thread, I was going to skip replying, but you have now brought the subject up twice.

This word "calibrationism" was not used by me--I quoted someone else as having used it. Similarly, the last time this question came up on the list, two years ago, I had not used the word, either. It was used by two color management consultants who declared themselves to be calibrationists, and then attacked me for not defining how they had used the term.

Dan can you give me a detailed description of the symptoms of
"calibrationism" I think I may have caught it ?

Unlikely, since true calibrationism died out before the turn of the century, although there are several ex-calibrationists around, including at least one on this list. Very little, if any, of what currently is advocated on this or the ColorSync users list can be characterized as calibrationism.

If you need a clinical definition for purposes of self-diagnosis, then the following should suffice.

1) You must have, at least once, attempted to calibrate something that either a) can't be calibrated; b) nobody cares whether is calibrated or not; c) is obviously the wrong thing to attempt to calibrate. Examples: attempting to profile one's toothbrush, shoelaces, or a printing press.

2) You must attribute to calibration at least one miracle that cannot otherwise be explained except by supernatural intervention. Example: it is not sufficient for this diagnosistic criterion to believe that it is a good idea to calibrate one's monitor. You must actively believe that doing so repeals the laws of chromatic adaptation and simultaneous contrast. Or, you must believe that calibrating the devices of a person who refuses to adopt proper process control procedures will miraculously deliver good color henceforward.

3) You must accept as an article of faith that on the judgment day, there will be revealed a method of immaculate conversion between colorspaces, one that is perfect in any way and retains every nuance of the preconversion file.

4) On at least one occasion, you must have acquiesced to an obviously incorrect machine measurement, rejecting the evidence of your own eyes. Example: the machine told you that purple is closer to blue than another blue is, because Delta-E is less, and you believed it.

The following side effect has been noted in some, but not all, calibrationists. It can be treated as a differentiating diagnostic factor in case of any question as to whether the first criteria have been met.

5) You should have referred to at least one opponent publicly as  a "liar",  "brain-dead", "dinosaur", "Luddite", or referred to his "legacy workflows."

What would be the best medicament to deal with it ?

Generally, common sense; however, sometimes it is necessary to prescribe repetition of the following questions before calibrating *anything*: Why am I doing this? What *specific* bad things may happen if I don't do it? How close do I have to be before I am satisfied?

Alternatively, you can take this advice, from 1998, a time when calibrationism was not yet extinct. The setting:

Grand calibrationism, a common (but not consensus) belief of the early 1990s, held that the objective was to match the original photograph as literally as mathematics would permit in the ifnal output. The idea that I presented in 1994, that a new highlight and shadow should be set regardless of what was found in the film, was heavily criticized at the time as defeating the overall intention.

The more common calibrationism was the aforementioned belief that a perfect conversion to CMYK was possible. Therefore, the industry unanimously--yes, unanimously, naive as it sounds today--believed that CMYK was going away, in favor of an "RGB Workflow." I am not speaking of a workflow which is primarily RGB with only minor touchup after the file enters CMYK. The one that the industry unanimously saw coming was a workflow that was no CMYK file at all, not ever, not no way, not no how, all conversions taking place in the RIP.

In 1994, I wrote a chapter entitled "Calibrationists and Buccaneers" which explained why the concept would never work, with the result that I was called a great many names, including all of the ones noted above and then some.

By the next edition of my book (2000) that naive no-CMYK-ever idea was as dead as the idea today that a photo lab can be relied upon to honor an embedded profile. In a chapter of that book entitled "Today's Calibrationist, Today's Color Manager", I wrote the following, which should answer your question.

Dan Margulis

********************

Think back to a time--just over ten years ago, actually [i.e., 1988]--when hard drives cost almost a thousand times as much as they do now, and when a workstation as powerful as, say, a 486 or a pre-PowerPC Macintosh cost half a million dollars. You can understand that an RGB workflow would have been *extremely* attractive in that age, because RGB files are only three-quarters as large as their CMYK counterparts, and all mathematical operations take three-quarters as long.
     The RGB workflow therefore would certainly have been adopted--if only it had worked! It didn't, so it wasn't.
     As I hope this chapter has indicated, I do believe fairly strongly in calibration. But I do not make a religion of it; I insist that science and mathematics be my servants and not my master; when I see an image that looks lousy I say so even if a machine says it looks good. And so, I am not a calibrationist, but I am a color manager.
    Who is a calibrationist, then? It used to be easy to spot them. They were the ones who thought that the idea was to make as close of a literal match to the original as possible. But those Neanderthals are gone. Today's calibrationist is much tougher to identify. A couple of years ago, I tried to clarify the matter with the following:
    "Data, data everywhere, and not a thought to think!...Calibrationists tend to have just enough of an academic background to convince themselves that their theories are valid and should be implemented by the world at large, yet not enough to realize what constitutes building on scientific quicksand...In the most extreme incarnations, calibrationists would rather have predictable scans than good ones; rather have a good-looking histogram than a good-looking image; rather have how something looks aesthetically be decided by densitometer than by human observer; and, where there are several output devices, rather have equal color on all of them than acceptable color on any."
     Admittedly, this isn't that precise a definition either. Perhaps I will just have to echo Justice Stewart, and say that I know the calibrationism when I see it.
    With that, we leave the topic in favor of a survey of the proven techniques of color correction. Master those, and this diatribe will almost be irrelevant. You'll be able to work with or without ICC profiles, in any colorspace you like, on a black and white monitor if you wish, without proofing if need be.
     Some of the concepts are difficult... But even as your eyes begin to glaze over, make sure your mind doesn't go into neutral. Fuzzy thinking, you will remember, is the hallmark of the calibrationist, not the successful color manager.
     And so, if someone offers you what seems like a plausible scientific argument, like, say, offering to trot out a densitometer to measure whether the two greens of Figure 2.1 are the same, take a deep breath and think it over. If you allow yourself to be buffaloed by technology into believing things that your own eyes and intelligence can tell you are false, if you believe those two greens to be the same even though you and every other human perceive them as different--well, then, beware. Tomorrow's calibrationist could be *you.*
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 7:08 am (PDT)
   From: "Ric Cohn"
Subject: Re: Definition of calibrationism

I agree that creating a cartoon straw-man and then hitting at it like a Piñata,  while it has it's amusements, is unlikely to ever shed any light on "either color or theory".

However, I do think these extremes cloud what were and are (I believe to a much lesser extent than in the past) real issues.

I believe it's an uncontested fact that sometimes companies and people selling color management products have oversold them. I also believe that in the past some of the users of these products (both paid by and unpaid by the companies involved) have jumped on the bandwagon of the company's PR to tout these solutions as the cure-all for all kinds of problems having to do with getting good color from a file.

Color management and calibration are tools that no one that I know of denies are helpful and necessary. However, along the spectrum of No Color Management (another straw man) and the person who believes that calibration will solve all the world's color problems (the calibrationist straw man), there is a line between using the tools and over-reliance on the tools. To me, how much it makes sense for someone to depend on calibration depends on what part of the process we are talking about and depends on the equipment being used to capture or reproduce the files. I believe that virtually everyone on this list would agree with this last statement. However, where to draw that line is where reasonable people can differ. At one extreme is the "straw man" calibrationist. How far along the spectrum one continues to think the person is a calibrationist (in what I understand to be Dan's sense of the word) is an opinion.

I think the pure calibrationist may be extinct, if indeed he ever existed. However, I believe the concept of a calibrationist is a useful construct as it helps define the line that reasonable people shouldn't be fooled into crossing by those with something to sell-- whether it be a product, an idea or a workflow.

I'd like to see either the term "calibrationist" re-stated or a new word made up in words that make sense in 2006. I'd be very interested in hearing how those on this list (including Andrew, Chris and Dan) would state this. I suspect there would probably be more agreement than disagreement. Consensus is something that would have something to do with theory and perhaps color too!

Ric Cohn
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 10:02 am (PDT)
   From: Andrew Rodney  
Subject: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On 6/1/06 6:38 AM, "Dan Margulis"  wrote:

1) You must have, at least once, attempted to calibrate something that either
a) can't be calibrated; b) nobody cares whether is calibrated or not; c) is
obviously the wrong thing to attempt to calibrate. Examples: attempting to
profile one's toothbrush, shoelaces, or a printing press.

Based on the pasted definitions below, I would submit that not only can one calibrate a press, many, many press operators have been doing so for a very long time (where does the value for dot gain come from? Where does one come up with ink limits?):

Webster1s Concise Electronic Dictionary

3 sense(s) for 3calibrate2

1.    cal·i·brate
     (verb) [cal·i·brat·ed; cal·i·brat·ed; cal·i·brat·ing; cal·i·brates]
-    determine, correct, or put measuring marks on

1 meaning(s) for 3calibrate2

1.    (verb) to assign a number proportional to a quantity
     (synonym) gauge, mark off, measure, quantify, weigh
     (related) mark

WordNet (r) 2.0

1 definition(s) found

calibrate

     v 1: make fine adjustments or divide into marked intervals for

          optimal measuring; "calibrate an instrument"; "graduate

          a cylinder" [syn: graduate, fine-tune]

     2: mark (the scale of a measuring instrument) so that it can be

        read in the desired units; "he calibrated the thermometer

        for the Celsius scale"

     3: measure the caliber of; "calibrate a gun"
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 10:05 am (PDT)
   From: Peter Leyland  
Subject: Definition of calibrationism

Thanks Mike a thoroughly enjoyable read and at last something I could easily understand - but I'll still continue to calibrate of course.

Peter Leyland
PDQ Print Services
93 Commercial Street
Dundee DD1 2AF
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 10:10 am (PDT)
   From: "Lee Clawson"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Maris,

I beg to differ, to date I don't see one that's not worthwhile.

Lee Clawson
2/\V/\7 Studio
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 10:13 am (PDT)
   From: "Ric Cohn"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

I wonder how many people get confused between calibration and profiling? I know, at times, I have. Unfortunately, the term "profiling" is rather vague, and I have seen it used by some people interchangeably with "calibration". To someone who has spent no time in a pressroom (or very little time, like myself), the differences may blur.

I believe it is agreed that for consistent output a press benefits from being profiled (it's output measured)  and then remeasured periodically to make sure it stays within a certain range of tolerance of this "normal" behavior (process control). The data sent to the press can then be adjusted to give more predictable output from that press's condition. As I understand it, calibrating a press (as opposed to profiling) would entail measuring and then adjusting the presses output so that the output matched the input, and given the realities of a large printing press this is an absurd idea.

Proofers, on the other hand, are the ideal place to calibrate output and the point of a proofer is to calibrate it so it's output mimics the press conditions. It's also not that difficult to create an icc profile for a press that to many may look an awful lot like "calibrating the press".

Therefore, calibration based on the press's behavior can be used to help in getting predictable results from a press even for someone who has not printed on that press before. As I understand the arguments, someone who suggests calibrating presses rather than profiling them is naive to the realities of the press room. This may or may not be the same person who believes that calibration at some point in the workflow (monitor, proofer, press) can make (through measurements)  the output as perfect as possible, and end the need for human intervention (our straw-man calibrationist).

Perhaps an article on the differing meanings of these terms ala Dan's chapter on the different meanings of "resolution" would be helpful?

Ric Cohn
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 4:11 pm (PDT)
   From: Andrew Rodney  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 6/1/06 9:00 AM, "Ric Cohn"  wrote:

I wonder how many people get confused between calibration and
profiling?

Lots. But the difference are significant.

I believe it is agreed that for consistent output a press benefits
from being profiled (it's output measured)  and then remeasured
periodically to make sure it stays within a certain range of
tolerance of this "normal" behavior (process control).

In that sentence you1ve discussed both calibration and profiling.

Calibration is necessary always, profiling is useful but not necessary.

Calibration ensures a device produces that consistent behavior you speak of. I simply can1t imagine using any device that isn1t consistent. Unlike cheese, digital files don1t1 change by themselves. So when you send the same RGB or CMYK numbers to a device, you should get back the same colors every day the device is being used. If you don1t, you have a calibration issue. There1s no need for a profile at this stage. We simply want the same numbers to always produce the same color. Worrying about the profile in this case is putting the cart before the horse.

Getting the optimal numbers for that device so we end up with the expected color appearance usually requires a profile. That1s all profiles do! They take one set of numbers and provide another set for a certain device. The new set should be optimized for the device. But lots of people did, do and can continue to produce numbers for their devices without profiles. They simply know the right numbers to get the desired color appearance. You might know the exact set of CMYK values to produce a neutral gray on your press. No profile necessary. Calibration IS necessary otherwise you may not have the gray tomorrow you got today.

As I understand it, calibrating a press
(as opposed to profiling) would entail measuring and then adjusting
the presses output so that the output matched the input, and given
the realities of a large printing press this is an absurd idea.

Calibrating a press means that the numbers you send it today produce the same color appearance you got from those numbers a month ago.

Proofers, on the other hand, are the ideal place to calibrate output
and the point of a proofer is to calibrate it so it's output mimics
the press conditions. It's also not that difficult to create an icc
profile for a press that to many may look an awful lot like
"calibrating the press".

There1s no need to separate devices. IF they are consistent in their behavior all the time (like my Epson), calibration isn1t necessary. Now it may NOT be producing optimal behavior. The Epson driver is simply not producing the best, linear output and I can1t alter that (the driver has no such provisions). But the Epson is always producing this behavior. All I need is a profile since I do need a recipe to produce the necessary RGB values. It would be nice to provide the best possible ink delivery and do so consistently to this Epson. One is possible, the other isn1t (unless I substitute a different print driver).

On a press it would be nice to have it both calibrated and producing the best possible behavior (to save ink as an example). But of the two, a device that1s behaving less than optimally but doing so consistently is much better than a device that1s optimal today and less so tomorrow (within reason of course. If it1s so poorly behaved that everything is garbage no profile will provide adequate numbers. This isn1t the case with the Epson. It could be better behaved but its not so non linear that you can1t get a good print).

Andrew Rodney
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 4:12 pm (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Definition of calibrationism
 
In a message dated 6/1/06 6:48 AM, Ric Cohn wrote:

I agree that creating a cartoon straw-man and then hitting at it like
a Piñata,  while it has it's amusements, is unlikely to ever shed any
light on "either color or theory".

Hi Ric.

We agree on that.

I believe it's an uncontested fact that sometimes companies and
people selling color management products have oversold them.

That's standard practice in business. Nothing new, really. Since when do companies *not* hype* their products and not present them as *the* bullet-proof solution to all of one's problems? Works that way for beauty products, cars, you name it. That's where one's own intelligence and savvy must enter the picture, or else risk being played for a sucker.

I also believe that in the past some of the users of these products (both paid
by and unpaid by the companies involved) have jumped on the bandwagon of the
company's PR to tout these solutions as the cure-all for all kinds of problems
having to do with getting good color from a file.

That's part of the PR/advertising blitz, so often played at the very edges of both legality and ethics.

Color management and calibration are tools that no one that I know of
denies are helpful and necessary. However, along the spectrum of No
Color Management (another straw man) and the person who believes that
calibration will solve all the world's color problems (the
calibrationist straw man), there is a line between using the tools
and over-reliance on the tools.

Very true. No self-respecting imaging professional should allow themselves to behave like caricatures. But even if they should do so, self-congratulatory ridicule is hardly the appropriate answer.

To me, how much it makes sense for
someone to depend on calibration depends on what part of the process
we are talking about and depends on the equipment being used to
capture or reproduce the files. I believe that virtually everyone on
this list would agree with this last statement.

I would say that if the equipment does not respond well to calibration, or cannot be calibrated with a decent level of precision, then one ought to move on and work the best way possible around that limitation.

However, where to
draw that line is where reasonable people can differ. At one extreme
is the "straw man" calibrationist. How far along the spectrum one
continues to think the person is a calibrationist (in what I
understand to be Dan's sense of the word) is an opinion.

Unfortunately, it appears that some think that one is a lost-cause "calibrationist" at any point along that spectrum. That's how coarse I perceive that harshly judgmental vision to be.

I think the pure calibrationist may be extinct, if indeed he ever
existed.

The "pure calibrationist" is someone that no one with an ounce of sense would hire to work for them, because he/she would prove unable to work with people's actual, real-life, messy needs and desires. So, what are we worrying about, really? Anyone like that is a tinkerer, at best. With the caveat that even tinkerers at times come up with good ideas...

However, I believe the concept of a calibrationist is a
useful construct as it helps define the line that reasonable people
shouldn't be fooled into crossing by those with something to sell--
whether it be a product, an idea or a workflow.

How about saying, instead, that there is a measured and reasonable approach to the problem of calibrating devices? And that machines are inherently fallible and imprecise, as are both their manufacturers and the ever-changing mathematical models they are built around?

What I mean is: why not acknowledge the reasons why someone may become overreliant on technical fixes, and find a better solution for the problem that that person ended up approaching in a way that proved over-confident and inadequate?

I'd like to see either the term "calibrationist" re-stated or a new
word made up in words that make sense in 2006. I'd be very interested
in hearing how those on this list (including Andrew, Chris and Dan)
would state this. I suspect there would probably be more agreement
than disagreement. Consensus is something that would have something
to do with theory and perhaps color too!

Yes, let's see how we can talk to each other past the temptation of scoring cheap personal points, and in the interest of solutions that each of us may benefit from in our actual work -- which hopefully is the purpose of this forum.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 4:22 pm (PDT)
   From: "Bob Frost"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test  

Dan,

Wouldn't it be nice if all people responded alike when they saw the same color? Instead we are faced with the fact that we all differ in all sorts of ways, including our vision. Perhaps we have to learn to calibrate and profile humans!

A lot of people have poor color vision, some don't have any. About 2% of males have only two sorts of cones (similar to cats and dogs), instead of the more usual three. Another 6% of males have the normal three sorts of cones, but one, two, or all three cones respond to different wavelengths than normal. Very few women suffer from these congenital defects in color vision, since the genes for most of these defects are sex-linked.

Among the 90% with 'normal' color vision, variation is considerable. The spectral location of 'unique green', for example, varies over 30nm in those with normal color vision. Similar research has shown that individuals vary widely in what they perceive as 'unique red', and so on.

Not only is there variation between individuals, but in the same individual. As we get older, our lenses normally yellow so that our color vision changes.  People in their 50s will exhibit clearly lower spectral sensitivities at the short wavelength end of the spectrum than 10 year olds. When older people have artificial lenses fitted, they are often surprised by the blueness of everything.

When arguing about colors and human v machine, I don't think enough account
is taken of these variations in the human perception of color.

Bob Frost.

PS They have to use one of those calibrated gadgets to measure these
differences in perception!
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Thu Jun 1, 2006 5:48 pm (PDT)
   From: "Matthew Rigdon"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

seems like a nice idea. too bad humans are ridiculously easy to fool, even when we're perfectly calibrated :)

http://www.purveslab.net/main/

Matthew Rigdon
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 3:38 am (PDT)
   From: "fotofred2"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
I guess this thread has morphed!

I am primarily an underwater photographer and often am asked to give presentations on my work both here in the Chicago area and to a lesser extent at other North American locations.  In the course of these 'shows' over the past year or so I've been asked by many of these groups who put on other presentations, shows and competitions if I could help them achieve what they think is the 'superior color' I get from my laptop/projector combination.  I've tried to help whenever asked and have subsequently been told that my efforts have produced substanital improvement.

My simple procedure has been to profile & calibrate the laptop used with the projector and then to profile the projector ... all of the above using the GretagMacbeth Eye-One Photo/Beamer hardware and software.  I now have the ColorVision equivalent, and find it too produces substantial improvement.

Please note that what I see and what other tell me they see is 'substantial improvement' and not 'perfection'.  My own work features a lot of blues for obvious reasons.  Also a lot of greens, since my underwater venues are in equatorial regions of the Indo-Pacific where there's a lot of rain forest on the surface.  As those much wiser than I have freqently observed greens and blues are problematic when printed ... in my experience, that true for projection as well ... likewise for the pastels that many like to use as background colors in PowerPoint slides.

The bottom line is balance.  I don't expect calibrating and/or profiling to solve all my color problems, but I am pleased that they can deliver 'substantial improvement'  Color correction techniques (using all the color spaces) help me achieve my realize 'substantial improvement' over the original when I seek my previsualization in print. I need both, and neither is sufficient in itself.  On the other hand neither can achieve as much on it's own as both can achieve used together.

I certainly appreciate all the points of view expressed on this forum, and for sure the information that is frequently communicated.  Thank you all.

Fred Drury
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 3:38 am (PDT)
   From: "Bob Frost"  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Andrew,

IF they are consistent in their
behavior all the time (like my Epson), calibration isn1t necessary.

But it may be useful, such as Epson's Colorbase calibration for the R2400?

Bob Frost.
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 3:39 am (PDT)
   From: "colorman042000" André Dumas  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Dan Margulis wrote:

This word "calibrationism" was not used by me--I quoted someone
else as having used it.  Snip!

Thanks for the explanation Dan. You used the terms Calibrationists and Calibrationism in Chapter 2 "Calibrationists and Buccaneers" (1995 edition of Professional Photoshop) and again in the 1998 book so I assumed that you had coined *both* words.  

In a recent message Ric Cohn said " ... the term "profiling" is rather vague, and I have seen it used by some people interchangeably with "calibration". ..." Well, I must admit that I've been doing that, and therefore in a previous message I should have said  that I  *profile* my scanner and my inkjet printer and I *calibrate* and  *profile* my display.  

Dan, in your explanation are you "sort of" blurring the differences between profiling and calibrating?

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 3:40 am (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test  

Hi Bob.

Oddly, and paradoxically enough, what you indicate (namely, the variations and oddities within the possible range of responses to color in humans) would seem to make it even more advisable to give the proper weight and respect to the determination of color appearance based on the mathematical models derived from the Color Matching Functions of the Standard Observer. Specially when the measuring instrument is one that has proven itself reliable over time. At the very least, one should seriously consider the possibility that the instrument is on to something.

After all, we age, or our bodies change for any of a number of reasons, and our color vision may be shifting more quickly and abruptly than we think or may be aware of. How many of us take the 100-hue Farnsworth-Munsell test on a regular basis? Almost 10 years ago I scored well, but how would I score today, in my fifties?

So, perhaps, if two people insist on seeing those green samples a certain way in contradiction with what the measuring instrument is reporting, one must entertain the *possibility* that, when all is said and done, *they may be both wrong* and the instrument closer to the truth than they are, due to physiological color perception anomalies in both human observers. Not so impossible, after all.

For the sake of a balanced view of this subject, I guess my point is that it is clearly not true in *all* cases that, if there is a discrepancy between what certain individual humans see and what a measuring instrument reports, the instrument is *necessarily* wrong. Specially when the humans involved in the judgment are a limited number (say, two or three) and the accuracy of their color perception is not proven in some way.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 5:53 am (PDT)
   From: "Ric Cohn’
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On Jun 1, 2006, at 9:13 PM, Marco Ugolini wrote:

 I guess my point is that it
is clearly not true in *all* cases that, if there is a discrepancy between
what certain individual humans see and what a measuring instrument reports,
the instrument is *necessarily* wrong.

Hi Marco,

I think you missed the subtext of what Dan was saying about these greens. In the example in his book, the greens ARE the "same". What differs is the context. Because of the surrounding colors the 2 greens look different to EVERY human observer, and because they are the same spectrally they look identical to a measuring instrument (that doesn't take the surrounding colors into consideration).

I believe Dan's point is that we, as color correctors, should adjust colors based on CONTEXT not on numbers. To ignore the context that our eyes and brains supply and to consider the machine measurements "correct" is what (I believe) he would define as "Calibratiionism". The point being that even if we could create a mechanical system that would do all corrections for us and match every color that a machine measures in a scene, these results would not be "correct" because they need to be based on what humans see not what machines measure. The straw man "Calibrationist" believes that a perfect mechanical system is possible.

I think when stated this way the above seems obvious. However, in the past (and I assume today), there have been proponents of icc profiles who have felt that a machine generated profile is automatically correct. When these solutions are touted as the "only professional way of working" rather than part of the solution to users needs for predictable and excellent color reproduction, I believe Dan sees red.

Regards,

Ric Cohn
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 8:24 am (PDT)
   From: "Les De Moss"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test  

I take three things from this round of discussion on Calibration(ism).

1) The equipment we use to display and reproduce color needs to be calibrated in order to achieve dependable, repeatable output from day to day.

2) Profiles are useful in displaying and tailoring output sent to individual devices.

3) Humans see color in context, machines do not. Unless and until they do, human involvement is a necessary element of color management.

Bob Frost writes:

"Perhaps we have to learn to calibrate and profile humans!"

In a way, we do... producing work that fits the profile of our client. Messy and unscientific as it is, the client is the final and ultimate measuring device. He is the one to be pleased with our color work. Two variations of the same image might each be selected as superior by two different people. Which one is correct? They both are, according to the unique preferences of each individual. Even as a professional, I cannot argue with what a client 'sees'. If he sees magenta as blue, then by God, magenta *is* blue. Between being 'right' or satisfying my client, the client always gets preference.

It is for this reason that proofs are approved by the client before a run. If the client is not pleased with the proof, then his input and the subsequent changes I make to the image become a part his color "profile" that I will incorporate into this a future jobs for him.

I think most would agree that we need a dependable and predictable environment in which to work and practice our craft. Calibration of equipment and profiling provides tools to create such an environment. Human involvement is a necessary part of that environment, because the images we produce are for human consumption, with each person having unique and often variable perceptions and tastes.

Les De Moss
DigiGraphics LLC
___________________________________________________________________________
 
   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 8:25 am (PDT)
   From: Andrew Rodney  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 6/2/06 6:15 AM, "Ric Cohn"  wrote:

I think you missed the subtext of what Dan was saying about these
greens. In the example in his book, the greens ARE the "same". What
differs is the context.

I think when stated this way the above seems obvious. However, in the
past (and I assume today), there have been proponents of icc profiles
who have felt that a machine generated profile is automatically
correct.

All this proves is that human vision and perception has flaws (duh).

You can use this argument to make an instrument seem like the right or wrong answer. But in both cases, humans need to use said instrument and their vision with some intelligence. For example, look at the optical illusion on this web page:

http: //web.mit.edu/persci/people/adelson/checkershadow_illusion.html

A and B are the same color. You can test this yourself by clicking on the Proof link. An instrument would show us (prove) that both A and B are the same. Now the question becomes, do we need to deal with the perception of the color or know about the actual color? If all that matters is the color in context, that these two identical colors don1t look the same is NOT an issue. We are perfectly happy they don1t match (that1s the goal).

However, this also illustrates where instrumentation IS necessary. You1re visually trying to calibrate and profile a display based on color squares presented to you (Adobe Gamma). What1s wrong with this picture?

The issue I have with some posters of this fine forum is this Black or White mentality about instrumentation, profiles, calibration and so on. The world usually operates in many shades of gray. No one that uses instrumentation intelligently would argue with Dan1s point about color in context. They WOULD argue that such a point doesn1t diminish the need for instrumentation in many areas of digital imaging (and other areas of our daily life. I for one am glad the pilot of the 747 I was on uses instruments and at the same time can hopefully land the jet should they fail).

It1s real easy and a cheap shot to show how two colors in context diminish an instrument in this one case and extrapolate that this is the case always and forever. I would hope most readers would see past this kind of simplicity.

Andrew Rodney
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 8:26 am (PDT)
   From: "colorman042000" André Dumas  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Ric, the 2 greens are not the same ...! The one on the left is close to c85,y85 and the one on the right more like c100, y90 plus some k. Maybe they were meant to be the same (?) but they did not print the same, at least not in my copy of the book.

In any case, if they were the same but looked different (because of the context) then I would say that they are different, it's what I perceive that is important to me.

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 2:51 pm (PDT)
   From: "Bob Frost"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

From my limited reading on the subject of color perception, I'm not sure there is any such thing as an 'actual' color or a 'correct' color. Since objects have no color - they merely reflect or absorb different wavelengths of light, color is entirely a function of the eye/brain complex. Color only exists in the brains of mammals.

I think I'm right in saying that machines can't measure 'color'. AFAIK they measure the luminosity of light passing through various filters, or use some other means to get a quantitative measurement of the different wavelengths of light falling on them.

The color we assign to those different wavelengths of light is purely a function of our eye/brain complex. So if you see one color and I see another when we both are receiving the same wavelength of light, we are both
'correct' in our perceptions. Philosophers have argued this matter for years.

The rainbow diagrams of color versus wavelength are presumably based on some past averaging of human responses. I don't think any such diagram can be said to be 'correct'.

Time to shut up; this is all getting a bit too theoretical for this list!

Bob Frost.
___________________________________________________________________________
 
  Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 2:51 pm (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 6/2/06 5:15 AM, Ric Cohn wrote:

I think you missed the subtext of what Dan was saying about these
greens. In the example in his book, the greens ARE the "same". What
differs is the context.

Hi Ric.

That I wasn't aware of. I don't have the book.

Because of the surrounding colors the 2
greens look different to EVERY human observer, and because they are
the same spectrally they look identical to a measuring instrument
(that doesn't take the surrounding colors into consideration).

But in that case this is another red herring: any self-respecting imaging professional who works with color is familiar with simultaneous contrast and other context-derived phenomena that affect the way a color is perceived.

Again, it seems that what is being ridiculed here is a caricature, not a credible, intelligent, competent person.

CIECAM models, by the way, are attempting to quantify the effects of context on color perception. It may be a long shot, but the world-class color scientists at RIT's Munsell Color Lab are applying their considerable mental firepower to the subject.

I don't know about you, but I will take any help I can get from proven science.

I believe Dan's point is that we, as color correctors, should adjust
colors based on CONTEXT not on numbers. To ignore the context that
our eyes and brains supply and to consider the machine measurements
"correct" is what (I believe) he would define as "Calibratiionism".

Ask me how much I would personally respect someone who tells me that context is irrelevant in the perception of color. My answer would be that I think the person is clearly a fool. Why spend any length of time attacking what is yet another straw man?

The point being that even if we could create a mechanical system that
would do all corrections for us and match every color that a machine
measures in a scene, these results would not be "correct" because
they need to be based on what humans see not what machines measure.

But then the question becomes: which humans? in which viewing conditions? at what time of day? are they well or sick? etc.

As much as I don't like to say it, there is some Luddite connotation in this argument: whenever machines and humans differ, machines are always wrong. Sorry, not true, at least not always.

The straw man "Calibrationist" believes that a perfect mechanical
system is possible.

And that the earth is flat? And that there is such a thing as "intelligent design"? What kind of dimwitted fellow are we talking about here? Well, let them. No one with any experience in the business gives any credence to such people, or, if they do for a second, they soon realize what they are dealing with when the results do not materialize.

I think when stated this way the above seems obvious. However, in the
past (and I assume today), there have been proponents of icc profiles
who have felt that a machine generated profile is automatically
correct. When these solutions are touted as the "only professional
way of working" rather than part of the solution to users needs for
predictable and excellent color reproduction, I believe Dan sees red.

And green and blue, at all luminance levels... :-)

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 2:51 pm (PDT)
   From: "Ric Cohn”
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On Jun 2, 2006, at 9:11 AM, Andrew Rodney wrote:

All this proves is that human vision and perception has flaws (duh).

Hi Andrew,

I respectfully disagree with this statement. Since we are creating images to be viewed by humans I personally believe the "flaws" are with the machines' measurements and not the people. I also believe that color management is still in it's infancy and eventually we will "teach" our machines to see "correctly". When  a machine can match what an average human observer sees then maybe we'll reach the point where all color management questions can be turned over to the machines. Personally, I'd like that.

Ric Cohn
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 2:52 pm (PDT)
   From: "Chris Murphy"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On May 29, 2006, at 9:39 AM, Dan Margulis wrote:

Which grand conclusions are you talking about? The only conclusions I drew
were that photo labs cannot be relied on to honor embedded profiles  
and that the level of repeatable variation is greater in photo labs than in commercial
printers. It appears from your post that you agree with both of these conclusions.

I agree that photo labs cannot be relied on to honor embedded profiles.

I do not agree that the level of repeatable variation is "considerably worse" in photo labs than commercial printers.

As for the "statistically valid" part, it never ceases to amaze that people
with no background in statistical analysis are so eager to couch their own
language in pseudoscientific babble. I prefer to just look at the  
images and draw the same conclusions any other layperson would.

However, FWIW, the methodology is just fine, and amply supports the  
conclusions by any accepted scientific standard.

I presented your original email to two scientists and both of them said your methodolgy was flawed. Quotes are:

"Ridiculous." "Carries no scientific merit." "If I were reviewing this study for publication in a scientific journal it would be immediately rejected." "Inappropriately tested." "He doesn't know what he's talking about."

You're just wrong Dan. The method is flawed. Your claims that your method is fine is wrong, your assertion that it supports your conclusions is wrong. Your "any accepted scientific standard " was challenged by the first two scientists I asked. Both rejected it wholesale.

You are making the mistake of assuming that because the sample is  
small there is no way to extrapolate it to a much larger population.

If you do it right you can extrapolate from a small sample. Your sample isn't just sample, it's non-random. Plus there are gross discrepancies in testing between the two groups. The printer sample, also non-random, is vastly larger than the photo lab group. You ignore basic fundamentals of image rendering in a photographic context and include variation from it in a negative category.

A green tree that is unnaturally green captured and printed with Fuji media is still a perfectly valid print *despite* being considerably different (variable) when compared to doing it with Kodak media. This kind of variation is intentional and your method has no means of discounting it, in fact you penalize them for it.

Can you document clearly and concisely your method of evaluation such that it could be repeated by an impartial 3rd party?

A gray balance test would be more appropriate because both photo labs and printers should be able to consistently produce a neutral gray, as well as reasonable tonality among them. I know that's not the case with commercial printers because I have customers who send files to printers and get back all kinds of crazy ass proofs from them indicating totally non-standard print behavior.

I'd bet dollars to donuts that printers routinely do poorer on gray balance process control (as variation is a process control question) than photo labs. But that's just a guess based on my anecdotal experience.

It is entirely possible that sampling 50 more labs could produce a major
improvement in these dismal figures. It is *not* possible that it could approach
the consistency of web printers, because If photo labs truly had the same
variation as commercial printers, then around a quarter of my 21  
composite values (7 photo labs x L*a*b*) would be between four and  
six standard deviations off the mean. These aberrant values are  
contributed by not by one rogue operation but by four different  
labs out of the seven.

It's not only possible, it's likely because your method is so hideously flawed not only would two scientists not accept it, this non-scientist thought it was a steaming pile. I don't find your method even remotely compelling.

If any of the images were affected by poor process control I would exclude
them; however all sample runs were internally consistent.

What?! Then what the hell are you testing? You say variation is "considerably worse" with photo labs compared to printers! *WHAT VARIATION?!" If you're going to take out process control problems, what's left?! What are you really testing here? How are you able to determine what is and is not a process control problem such that it qualifies for removal from the study?

Is this a process control test? Or is this a comparison to some standard reference? What? It's unclear. This is more fraught with flaws than I originally thought!

In making these points I will avoid pretentious cliches like "statistical
validity". I will show the same files as printed by six different printers, and
as output by six different photo labs. I will also show a single image printed
six different times by the same printer, to give an idea of how much variation
is due to bad quality control on the part of the printer. Readers can draw
their own conclusions.

You are comparing the number 9 to the number 71.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 5:09 pm (PDT)
   From: Andrew Rodney  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On 6/2/06 11:55 AM, "Bob Frost"  wrote:

I think I'm right in saying that machines can't measure 'color'.

They can certainly measure the various wavelengths of the visible (and invisible) spectrum.

The color we assign to those different wavelengths of light is purely a
function of our eye/brain complex.

We use a word (like Red) to describe a sensation of a wavelength that can be measured by an instrument. The instrument doesn't know it's "red".

The rainbow diagrams of color versus wavelength are presumably based on some
past averaging of human responses. I don't think any such diagram can be
said to be 'correct'.

I think we need to define what is meant by "correct".

Time to shut up; this is all getting a bit too theoretical for this list!

What about that tree in forest falling when no one is around. I think we should tackle that one. <G>

Andrew Rodney
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 5:09 pm (PDT)
   From: "Ric Cohn"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Andre,

You piqued my curiosity and I opened my copy of the book. Not sure we're thinking of the same example. My example has the greens running up and down not left and right. In any case, I was thinking of Figure 12.1 on Page 236 in the Fourth Edition.

Out of curiosity I pulled out my colorimeter and measured them. They aren't exactly the same- which given all the vagaries of printing doesn't surprise me, but they are close. The patches are a little small for accurate reading, but I got approximately Lab 61,(52),34 for the top and 61,(50),35 for the bottom green. This translates into CMYK 81, 5, 95, 0 for the top and 80, 6, 96, 1 for the bottom-- with my color settings.

I'm willing to take it on faith that in the original file the greens had identical numbers.

Regards,

Ric Cohn
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 5:10 pm (PDT)
   From: "Henry"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On Jun 2, 2006, at 2:25 PM, Chris Murphy wrote:

 I presented your original email to two scientists and both of them
 said your methodolgy was flawed. Quotes are:

 "Ridiculous." "Carries no scientific merit." "If I were reviewing
 this study for publication in a scientific journal it would be
 immediately rejected." "Inappropriately tested." "He doesn't know
 what he's talking about."

Just to add some humor:

Two is a rather limited sample of scientists, plus, their critique is entirely opinion, lacking in specific factual rebuttal.

Debates on the subject of statistics often boil down to arguments of opinion, anyhow.  Just like this one.

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 5:11 pm (PDT)
   From: Marco Ugolini  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

In a message dated 6/2/06 10:55 AM, Bob Frost wrote:
 
From my limited reading on the subject of color perception, I'm not sure
there is any such thing as an 'actual' color or a 'correct' color. Since
objects have no color - they merely reflect or absorb different wavelengths
of light, color is entirely a function of the eye/brain complex. Color only
exists in the brains of mammals.

Hi Bob.

As much as that statement is correct, it's also incomplete.

Speaking for myself, when I mention "correct" color, I intend color defined according to the guidelines derived from the Color Matching Functions of the Standard Observer. That has been a common ground for color work for quite some time now. No matter how different individual perceptions may be (and they certainly are), we need a benchmark, and that is the best one so far.

I think I'm right in saying that machines can't measure 'color'. AFAIK they
measure the luminosity of light passing through various filters, or use some
other means to get a quantitative measurement of the different wavelengths
of light falling on them.

Once we define that a certain wavelength at a certain intensity produces a certain color appearance, then we can measure not only the wavelength, but also the "normal" perception of it as color by humans. So, machines *can* and do indeed measure color, once you define the parameters for them.

The color we assign to those different wavelengths of light is purely a
function of our eye/brain complex.

Yes...

So if you see one color and I see another when we both are receiving
the same wavelength of light, we are both 'correct' in our perceptions.

We should stick with averages (what is called "normal") if we don't want to go crazy defining every little tiny variation in a more general model. Meaning, if we wish to avoid paralysis.

Philosophers have argued this matter for years.

I'm sure there is a clever definition of philosophers somewhere, perhaps one that talks about how so many of them seem to have way too much time and too little of practical value to do with it...

The rainbow diagrams of color versus wavelength are presumably based on some
past averaging of human responses.

They are. The CMFs of the Standard Observer are such an instance.

I don't think any such diagram can be said to be 'correct'.

Again, it all depends on your definition of "correct": if you mean "normal" or "average", then they are "correct", to the only extent reasonable. If you want the model to be inclusive of every possible permutation and variation in the world out there, then...good luck! Get a bunch of *really good* scientists, a whole lot of cash, and a few *really big* computers!

Time to shut up; this is all getting a bit too theoretical for this list!

No, I think that sorting out these general issues is always useful.

Or else, what "color theory" list would this be? :-)

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 8:04 pm (PDT)
   From: Stephen Marsh  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Marco Ugolini wrote in reply to Bob Frost:

No, I think that sorting out these general issues is always useful.

Or else, what "color theory" list would this be? :-)

It would be an APPLIED one. What brought me to the list in the first place. Learning and sharing new techniques, ideas and methods for direct APPLICATION in an application called Photoshop. Since little of that goes on here, all that seems left is threads such as this list has become famous for. The list membership is fairly quiet when it comes to the application of theory, but very active for pure theory and debate.  

Regards,

Stephen Marsh.
___________________________________________________________________________
 
  Date: Fri Jun 2, 2006 8:10 pm (PDT)
   From: John Castronovo  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
From: "Chris Murphy"

I agree that photo labs cannot be relied on to honor embedded
profiles.

Well, that depends on whether you ask them to or not. If you ask and they don't, that's a problem with the lab. If you say nothing, you should take what they feel like giving you.

john castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 3:09 am (PDT)
   From: "colorman042000" André Dumas  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Hi Ric,

In Dan's message of 2006-06-01 09:30 he references Chapter Two of Professional Photoshop (1998 edition)  "Today' Calibrationist,
Today's Color Manager" and he mentions the 2 green squares in figure 2.1.

*Quote*

And so, if someone offers you what seems like a plausible scientific
argument, like, say, offering to trot out a densitometer to measure
>whether the two greens of Figure 2.1 are the same, take a deep
breath and think it over. If you allow yourself to be buffaloed by
>technology into believing things that your own eyes and intelligence
can tell you are false, if you believe those two greens to be the
same >even though you and every other human perceive them as
different--well, then, beware. Tomorrow's calibrationist could be
*you.*
*End of quote*

So I thought you were also talking about these two green squares on page 22.

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 3:09 am (PDT)
   From: "Chris Murphy"  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On Jun 2, 2006, at 8:41 PM, jc castronovo wrote:

Well, that depends on whether you ask them to or not. If you ask and
they don't, that's a problem with the lab. If you say nothing, you
should take what they feel like giving you.

I think the context is blind transfers. Of course they should be honoring them in RGB images in blind transfers reliably, but the reality is they aren't. If they say they will honor them, when asked to do so, then I'd expect they can be relied on to actually do what they say.

Chris Murphy
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 4:06 am (PDT)
   From: "Paul Foerts"
Subject: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On Thu Jun 1, 2006 10:02 am (PDT) Andrew Rodney wrote:

Based on the pasted definitions below, I would submit that not only can one
calibrate a press, many, many press operators have been doing so for a very
long time (where does the value for dot gain come from? Where does one come
up with ink limits?):

Yep, we've identified one...

Not someone who uses calibration and profiling as tools to serve his workflow but someone who believes that printing presses can be "calibrated"...

As we all? know, a "conventional" printing press is in fact a "profile editor". Press operators are able to change colors while printing... A press running without operator intervention, will drift to unacceptable color. The image on the printing plate produces a ghost image on the inking rollers. When test images are used, this ghosting can be made visible. Some printing jobs behave like test images... Ghosting is job dependent. How can this be "calibrated"? Why scrambling measuring patches? (Not a solution in my opinion...)

Dot gain has nothing to do with calibration. Dot gain is a thing of the past (printed tone value minus "film" tone value). Tone value increase is a process control parameter (CTP workflow).

Ink limits have to do with "best practices". It is technically possible to run 400 % color but not trouble-free under all conditions. It is up to the printer to define his limit.

Printers care very much about process control: mechanical precision of the press (cfr. "doubling"), perfect adjusted rollers, blankets etc.

Printers are too "flexible". That's the reason why "standardisation" is such a difficult exercise. Standardisation should target something like the sRGB thing: good color quality, all around the globe. There will always be room for "the best" but at a cost and never without good communication.

Paul Foerts
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 8:52 am (PDT)
   From: John Castronovo  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
From: "Chris Murphy"

I think the context is blind transfers. Of course they should be  
honoring them in RGB images in blind transfers reliably, but the  
reality is they aren't. If they say they will honor them, when asked  
to do so, then I'd expect they can be relied on to actually do what  
they say.

I respectfully disagree Chris.

Honoring the profile in a blind transfer assumes that the image has been adjusted to perfection by the customer on a calibrated monitor and in almost all cases this isn't happening, the exception being with professionals like yourself. The vast majority of people want the lab to improve their images, so when a file arrives without the request to honor the profile it's reasonable to assume that changes are permissible. There's no solid ground here.
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 3:22 pm (PDT)
   From: "Chris Murphy"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

If we're talking about the masses, the question is moot because everything they are shooting is tagged sRGB in the EXIF data. It's not really about honoring or not honoring that profile, it's really about whether or not a particular lab is going to use some kind of automatic image enhancement on a per image basis.

I think this is an obsolete workflow and in time will change as rendering and correction can be done in the camera, setting the expectations of the typical consumer. Then that data will eventually be correctly honored. Print, whether it's photographic or litho, is increasingly a commodity. The rendering and edits are being divorced from the printing process.

Chris Murphy
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 3:23 pm (PDT)
   From: "Shangara Singh"  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Why not create a solid ground? Provide tick boxes on the order form:

Honour Image Profile* [ ]
Disregard Image Profile* [ ]

*An image profile is used by your digital camera or image editing  software to describe its appearance.

Shangara Singh.
___________________________________________________________________________
 
   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 5:25 pm (PDT)
   From: "Matthew Rigdon"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

On Jun 3, 2006, at 9:20 AM, Chris Murphy wrote:

I think this is an obsolete workflow and in time will change as
rendering and correction can be done in the camera, setting the
expectations of the typical consumer.

I'm not following what this means. Cameras are going to start coming with 17" LCDs so I can edit them as I take the pictures out in the field? Software is going to become so smart (and efficient that it fits in the 512K memory space on a processor chip) that it can be installed in a camera to provide perfect auto exposure in all circumstances? Neither of these seems likely to happen in the next five years (I don't think either will ever happen, but that may be another argument).

This workflow certainly isn't obsolete right now. It seems to be the dominant one. You may want it to be obsolete, and we might be better off if it were, but that may never happen. Look down at your QWERTY keyboard for an example.

A lot of this seems to be about reproducibility. We can create a world right now where everything shoots sRBG, displays sRGB, and prints sRGB. But that would be a world where your Epson wouldn't be able to print really spectacular prints. It would only print sRGB, but it would print the same thing everybody else could. There'd be no surprises, no worries about what your results would be, but is that a better world than the one we have now where you have to do some work, not blindly follow software, maybe even ignore the software and profiles, in order to achieve some really unique and outstanding results?

Matthew Rigdon
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 5:26 pm (PDT)
   From: "Richard Wagner"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Bob Frost wrote:

 Color only exists in the brains of mammals.

OK, Bob, not so fast.  Many mammals have *no* color vision, and birds (Aves are not mammals) often have excellent color vision.

--Rich Wagner
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sat Jun 3, 2006 5:29 pm (PDT)
   From: John Castronovo  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
That's exactly what I've been saying. Communication has to take place for this to work to everyone's satisfaction.

jc castronovo
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sun Jun 4, 2006 5:45 am (PDT)
   From: "Dan Margulis" Dan Margulis  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test

Andre writes,

Thanks for the explanation Dan. You used the terms Calibrationists
and Calibrationism in Chapter 2 "Calibrationists and Buccaneers"  
(1995 edition of Professional Photoshop) and again in the 1998 book
so I assumed that you had coined *both* words.

I did, to describe a POV that was prevalent in the industry at that time. However, when you posted your query, it was unclear that you were discussing what I had written in 1998. I assumed you were referring to something recent that had occurred on the list, so I yahoo-searched for both words. The only time either had occurred in recent months on this list was when, in response to a direct request, I posted a direct quotation from a color-management advocate that used the word "brain-dead" to describe commercial printers. That same direct quotation also used the word "calibrationist."

I made it clear in that post that I did not approve of the speaker's comments and that the speaker himself has since recanted them. In my post to you I further made it clear that calibrationism as such vanished in the late 20th century and that I do not believe anybody on this list currently qualifies as being a calibrationist.  Nevertheless, what resulted is a thread that is rightly complained of by Stephen Marsh, with whose sentiments I concur.

In a recent message Ric Cohn said " ... the term "profiling" is
rather vague, and I have seen it used by some people interchangeably
with "calibration". ..." Well, I must admit that I've been doing
that, and therefore in a previous message I should have said  that I
*profile* my scanner and my inkjet printer and I *calibrate* and
*profile* my display. Dan, in your explanation are you "sort of" blurring the differences
between profiling and calibrating ?

As we have already seen, the language police are out in force on this thread and I am not anxious to get into any parsing exercises. As part of the color management process the printer must profile both his press and his proofing system; unfortunately the last time the language police was heard on this subject it was seriously argued that these profiles, as they are not ICC profiles, are not profiles; and that this color management, as it is not ICC color management, is not color management.

As for calibrating in the sense of calibrating a monitor, if your monitor had the same characteristics as a press, you would need to adopt certain new procedures.

1) Instead of recalibrating the monitor every month or so because you suspect it may have drifted in that time, you must recalibrate every five to ten minutes because conditions can change drastically during the run.

2) Whenever you quit Photoshop, or whenever you stop working on one complete job and start a new one with different characteristics, your monitor calibration is lost completely, and you must start the recalibration process from scratch rather than by adjusting an existing profile.

3) If you note that your monitor display does not agree with the proof, you correct this not with a new profile or new color settings, but rather by adjusting the brightness, contrast, and similar settings on the front panel, or in extremis reducing the voltage that reaches the screen.

Whether "calibration" is a meaningful term under these circumstances is up for debate, hopefully on some other list.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sun Jun 4, 2006 5:45 am (PDT)
   From: Dan Margulis  
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
Ric writes,

Because of the surrounding colors the 2  
greens look different to EVERY human observer, and because they are  
the same spectrally they look identical to a measuring instrument  
(that doesn't take the surrounding colors into consideration).

In that particular image, the scientist who prepared it said something like "most people would see these as different colors, but in fact they are the same." Of course, *both* parts of the sentence are incorrect. It's not *most* people--it's *all* people, even, color-blind ones. As for the second half, it's classic circular reasoning--his assumption (that if a machine measures them as the same color, they're the same color) proves his conclusion (that since a machine has measured them as the same color, they must be the same).

I believe Dan's point is that we, as color correctors, should adjust  
colors based on CONTEXT not on numbers. To ignore the context that  
our eyes and brains supply and to consider the machine measurements  
"correct" is what (I believe) he would define as "Calibrationism".

It's certainly true in color correction, but it's equally true in calibration. In the first example (the typical "optical illusion" where a machine is deluded into thinking that two obviously different colors are the same), anybody who believes the machine is possibly a nascent calibrationist, but it's of no importance because we never face that situation in real life.

What *does* matter in real life is this. Given swatches A, B, and C, the question is whether A or C is the closer match to B. I showed examples in Canyon Conundrum, and will show more in the next edition of Professional Photoshop, where all humans believe that it's A and all machines believe that it's C. Under those circumstances, anyone silly enough to believe the machines is asking for an inaccurate profile--but yet there are still people who insist on believing them.

This is to say nothing of the machine deficiencies in evaluating fleshtones, natural greens, and very desaturated colors.

The straw man "Calibrationist" believes that a perfect mechanical  system is possible.
I think when stated this way the above seems obvious. However, in the  
past (and I assume today), there have been proponents of icc profiles  
who have felt that a machine generated profile is automatically correct.
 
In the past, yes, but not today. Nobody who had a choice AFAIK would make a profile by machine today without reserving the right to edit it by eyeball.

The idea that the machine-generated profile was sacred and should never be touched was indeed common in the second half of the last decade. One of the main reasons that early ICC color management became such a laughingstock amongprinters is that its advocates would show up peddling these appallingly bad profiles and actually suggesting they should be paid for them.

It did not take long to realize that there was something seriously deranged with this philosophy, so by 1998, as I recall, almost all color management advocates were admitting that they were tweaking their machine-generated profiles. Yet there was a crackpot on the ColorSync list (no member of this list, I hasten to say) who was as late as 9/01 ranting about how machine-generated profiles must be taken as is and anybody who edits them is a Luddite, because the machines' aesthetic judgment is so much better than people's.

*That* was hard-core calibrationism. Fortunately, with the exception of a few stray theories, it's extinct today.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sun Jun 4, 2006 11:50 am (PDT)
   From: "Ron Kelly"
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
 
On 3-Jun-06, at 5:45 PM, Matthew Rigdon wrote:

But that would be a world where your Epson wouldn't be
able to print really spectacular prints. It would only print sRGB,
but it would print the same thing everybody else could.

Okay, now we're getting down to it.

sRGB prints can be spectacular all right.

The size of the gamut has been way oversold on what makes a good print.

If you print to a high quality inkjet in sRGB or some other, wider colorspace the prints you get will be just as dark in the blacks and bright in the whites from both.

I believe what time will show is that it is far more important to have control of your colorspace than to have the widest space. That is what makes a really spectacular print.

Ron Kelly
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sun Jun 4, 2006 11:52 am (PDT)
   From: "Frank Deutschmann"
Subject: Re: Prophiling PhotoPhinishing

Ummm, how can something be obsolete when the successor has yet to be invented, much less deployed in wide use?

It will be a long, long time (if ever) before consumer digital reaches the automated quality level achieved long ago with consumer negative film-based photography.  It is quite unfortunate that we are now in a situation where a jpeg image presented to a lab either with or without an sRGB profile tag is actually "mystery meat": without either communication or assumptions about the image source, the lab has to take a complete gamble on whether to run the image straight or try to improve it.  (Consumers would generally want the image improved, pros may or may not, depending on the exact circumstances.)

Of course, as a preliminary 'head-em-off-at-the-pass' move, the industry seems to be gearing up for raw, the so-called 'digital negative'.  But really, does anyone expect mass market consumers to shoot raw???  Even many pros don't (and rightly so, for a lot of reasons!).....

It's really unfortunate that the industry didn't adopt a simple solution to this problem: why not a simple pseudo-profile tag of CIIM (Camera Image, Improve Me)?  Un-profiled (cameras) or quasi-profiled (scanners) devices would tag images with this pseudo-profile (bit interpretation in sRGB land, for simplicity), while editing software, such as PS et al, or in camera image software, could then replace this pseudo-profile tag with a true sRGB or Adobe or whatever profile/tag indicating that the image has truly been rendered/interpreted into a real colorspace.  Simple, cheap, and effective: no more mystery meat, no monster size raw images needed, everyone gets what they want!

(Well, of course we all know why this approach has not been taken: to take this approach would be to yield that cameras really can't be profiled, that images really need to be interpreted into a colorspace, that perception and taste are essential to the photographic process, and no industry insider wants to be the first to note the Emperor's distinct lack of finery....)

-frank
___________________________________________________________________________
 
  Date: Sun Jun 4, 2006 11:55 pm (PDT)
   From: "Paul Marriner"  
Subject: Re: Prophiling PhotoPhinishing  

I disagree. In fact it's damn difficult to buy a point-and-shoot camera with RAW capability. The manufacturers are phasing it out rapidly. I want one with some weather-resistance for wet-weather backup but it seems I'll have to buy an obsolete model to get one with RAW.

Paul

Frank wrote:

Of course, as a preliminary 'head-em-off-at-the-pass' move, the industry
seems to be gearing up for raw, the so-called 'digital negative'.  But
really, does anyone expect mass market consumers to shoot raw???  Even
many pros don't (and rightly so, for a lot of reasons!).....
--
Paul Marriner
Outdoor Writing & Photography. Owner: Gale's End Press. Member: OWAA &
OWC. Author of: A Compendium of Canadian Fly Patterns (co-author),
Stillwater Fly Fishing: Tools & Tactics, How to Choose & Use Fly-tying
Thread, Modern Atlantic Salmon Flies, Miramichi River Journal, Ausable
River Journal, and Atlantic Salmon.
___________________________________________________________________________

   Date: Sun Jun 4, 2006 11:59 pm (PDT)
   From: Chris Murphy
Subject: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test  

combined posting

On Jun 3, 2006, at 5:45 PM, Matthew Rigdon wrote:

I'm not following what this means. Cameras are going to start coming
with 17" LCDs so I can edit them as I take the pictures out in the
field?

Rendering and correction in-camera based on proprietary and automatic algorithms is already being done today. The trend is that this will get better, with a wider range of images, and file metadata will be increasingly honored. Of course there are going to be limits of all of this given the variable lighting conditions when viewing the printer and degradation of the LCD.

Software is going to become so smart (and efficient that it
fits in the 512K memory space on a processor chip) that it can be
installed in a camera to provide perfect auto exposure in all
circumstances? Neither of these seems likely to happen in the next
five years (I don't think either will ever happen, but that may be
another argument).

I did say the "expectations of the typical consumer." While they can be pretty demanding, I doubt "perfect auto exposure" is what they'd want, and I'm not even sure what perfect means in such a context anyway.

This workflow certainly isn't obsolete right now. It seems to be the
dominant one.

Perhaps calling it obsolete sounds speculative. But I see it as out dated as letter type upon the invention of desktop publishing. It's just a matter of time, how much the various parties dig their heals in, or get busy and do things the way people expect. And what they increasingly expect is some correlation between the display of their images and their output.

A lot of this seems to be about reproducibility. We can create a
world right now where everything shoots sRBG, displays sRGB, and
prints sRGB. But that would be a world where your Epson wouldn't be
able to print really spectacular prints. It would only print sRGB,
but it would print the same thing everybody else could.

First, that isn't how things actually work. A printer doesn't have sRGB-like behavior. The image is mapped, or rendered, into something different that can be printed. And in an ICC v4 perceptual rendering context, it is explicitly the case that the image will print different from the original, even the expectation of mapping the most saturated colors in sRGB to the most saturate colors in print (e.g. the ability to print the yellow the printer can print, even if sRGB can't define it).

On Jun 4, 2006, at 11:36 AM, Frank Deutschmann wrote:

Ummm, how can something be obsolete when the successor has yet to be
invented, much less deployed in wide use?

The successor is invented, but it's not widely deployed. Yet. The idea of applying proprietary rendering at print time such that you get something very different (even if it's OK) from expectations set from a display is a workflow people are increasingly rejecting. Of course there will be people who don't really care.

It will be a long, long time (if ever) before consumer digital reaches the
automated quality level achieved long ago with consumer negative film-based
photography.

What? Based on what set of criteria? I don't buy that statement at all. There's less interpretation involved in a digital capture than when dealing with color negative.

But really, does anyone expect mass market consumers to shoot raw???  Even many
pros don't (and rightly so, for a lot of reasons!).....

My context was from the outset the expectations of the typical consumer. Anyone shooting RAW, in fact anyone who even knows what RAW is even if they don't shoot in RAW, are not typical consumers.

The part of the workflow I'm saying is obsolete (more accurately nearing obsolescence), is once we have a JPEG or TIFF, we've viewed it on some display and yet substantial rendering can occur after that point just prior to printing. Professionals don't stand for it now. Consumers already don't like it when they have expectations set based on some display medium.

It's really unfortunate that the industry didn't adopt a simple solution to
this problem: why not a simple pseudo-profile tag of CIIM (Camera Image,
Improve Me)?  Un-profiled (cameras) or quasi-profiled (scanners) devices
would tag images with this pseudo-profile (bit interpretation in sRGB land,
for simplicity), while editing software, such as PS et al, or in camera
image software, could then replace this pseudo-profile tag with a true sRGB
or Adobe or whatever profile/tag indicating that the image has truly been
rendered/interpreted into a real colorspace.  Simple, cheap, and effective:
no more mystery meat, no monster size raw images needed, everyone gets what
they want!

The photo labs aren't dealing with the profiles we've got. And when they do, it's still often the case that proprietary rendering occurs, altering the color of the image anyway.

But I'd agree that some additional metadata in the file would be useful in determining the expectations of the consumer.

Chris Murphy
Color Remedies (TM)
www.colorremedies.com/realworldcolor
___________________________________________________________________________

 Re: Prophiling PhotoPhinishing
    Posted by: "Gene Palmiter" e
    Date: Mon Jun 5, 2006 5:10 am (PDT)

RAW is often lacking in consumer cameras. Heck....if quality counted the customer would not have bought those cameras anyway! I suspect we will see more cameras that save as .DNG before we see more that save as RAW.

Thanks,
Gene Palmiter
___________________________________________________________________________

 Re: Prophiling PhotoPhinishing
    Posted by: "Denton Taylor"
    Date: Mon Jun 5, 2006 5:11 am (PDT)

At 06:35 PM 6/4/2006, you wrote:

I disagree. In fact it's damn difficult to buy a point-and-shoot camera
with RAW capability. The manufacturers are phasing it out rapidly. I
want one with some weather-resistance for wet-weather backup but it
seems I'll have to buy an obsolete model to get one with RAW.
Paul

Canon G6, S70

Regards,
Denton Taylor
photogallery at
www.dentontaylor.com
___________________________________________________________________________

 Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "Henry"
   Date: Mon Jun 5, 2006 3:07 pm (PDT)

On Jun 2, 2006, at 9:11 AM, Andrew Rodney wrote:

The issue I have with some posters of this fine forum is this Black or White
mentality about instrumentation, profiles, calibration and so on.

This mentality didn't originate outside the "calibrationist" camp.  I recall the exact opposite. From the get-go, profiles, calibration, and so on, were promoted as precisely such a Black and White solution by the "calibrationist" camp.  Now that things are settling out a bit, everyone is still dealing with this mentality - the fallout that was created and promoted by parties who have since hedged their claims for a "perfect color solution".

The world usually operates in many shades of gray. No one that uses instrumentation
 intelligently would argue with Dan1s point about color in context. They
 WOULD argue that such a point doesn1t diminish the need for instrumentation
 in many areas of digital imaging

That it is useful was not the claim or the debate at the outset years ago.  The ridiculously overstated claims made around the time of its inception were then, and continue to be now, the problem for color management.

(and other areas of our daily life. I for
 one am glad the pilot of the 747 I was on uses instruments and at the same
 time can hopefully land the jet should they fail).

If the instruments fail while in IMC, only luck will help.  But, if there is good visibility and the instruments fail, you will want a pilot that has a lot of non-instrument flying experience (a pilot that doesn't have an unhealthy reliance on instruments).  Some of the most skillful flying can be observed in aerobatic and formation demonstrations (VFR conditions, of course) where instrumentation isn't required.  For instrument flying, pilots are trained to ignore their sense perceptions and place trust in the instruments.  In the case of a suspect instrument in low visibility, it takes a very keen and very lucky pilot to get on the ground in one piece.

If the densitometer fails, a good press operator can still produce good work from well-prepared files - regardless of the weather.  His eyes and sense perception, unlike that of the pilot in low visibility, are useful if he is blessed with good vision and has learned to use it. Without perception, there would be little to discuss about printing. And, like a pilot with an unhealthy reliance on instruments, one who is overly reliant on a profiling solution and the calibration and display of their monitor, an image preparer can be led astray.   It is not what the measuring instrument says that counts - it is all about the judgment that a person uses.  And, in my opinion, the exaggerated claims made by its proponents in the beginning didn't represent very good judgment.  It was good marketing hype perhaps, but it is what helped to produced the mentality that you describe.

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Tue Jun 6, 2006 8:10 am (PDT)

On 6/5/06 3:46 PM, "Henry"  wrote:

This mentality didn't originate outside the "calibrationist" camp.  I
recall the exact opposite.  From the get-go, profiles, calibration, and
so on, were promoted as precisely such a Black and White solution by
the "calibrationist" camp.

Shoot me some examples I can find in the archives. I1d love to see this B&W mentality...

Now that things are settling out a bit,
everyone is still dealing with this mentality - the fallout that was
created and promoted by parties who have since hedged their claims for
a "perfect color solution".

Using the word Prefect for color reminds me how the hairs on my neck stand up when folks use the term accurate color. I usually ask if that means pleasing or colorimetrically correct color. Colorimetrically correct color is accurate in my book and often not pleasing.

If the densitometer fails, a good press operator can still produce good
work from well-prepared files - regardless of the weather.

If the ICC profile for any of my printers fail or disappear, I can still make gorgeous prints as I1ve done on desktop color printers for 15 years, long before profiles existed. It just takes a lot longer and wastes a lot more media.

If you don1t know how many iterations it takes to get the color you want, and don1t care, you certainly don1t need either calibration or color management. It helps to have either deep pockets or have free media.

Andrew Rodney
________________________________________________________________________

1b. Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Tue Jun 6, 2006 8:13 am (PDT)

On 6/5/06 6:06 PM, "Henry"  wrote:

If you are saying that "perfect" color doesn't describe the claims made early
on by the companies and persons involved in the promotion of color management
software, hardware and consulting, then I beg your pardon.  Their marketing
thrust wasn't for "pretty good color".

It1s quite possible someone, somewhere claimed perfect color. I don1t ever recall seeing it, maybe you have a link to such a claim. But I1d submit that anyone in any industry that claims anything prefect (and someone  reading it believes the claim) only uncovers two fools.

 From where then, do you suppose this Black and White mentality that you
describe arose?

I guess I should say here that obliviously from calibrationist but I don1t believe that for a second (nor do I really know what a calibrationist is despite yet another long winded thread on this list that has nothing to do with color or theory).

I stand by my statement that a good press operator can produce good work from
well-prepared files even without the aid of a densitometer.

And I stand by my statement that anyone with reasonable skill and a lot of media can do the same to any output device. I1ve never said otherwise. My point is that LOTS of press personal use instrumentation to aid them in what I consider calibration even if that term puts a bad taste in some people1s minds. Are you saying that using a densitometer isn1t the use of a measuring device to provide some means of measurement some process in the attempt to produce some reasonable device behavior? Are you suggesting that its an unnecessary device and those who use it are just calibrationists? Are you suggesting that its better to forget both calibration (or measuring a process) and just output whatever you get and tweak until the color is approved? That certainly is a good slant if you1re in the market to sell either paper or ink....

How well one can get color from their desktop color printer is of little
concern to someone preparing files for commercial offset (proofing attempts
aside).

Must be nice to live in an output vacuum. But both devices produce the same net result which is some color output from a big pile of numbers and doing so with the least amount of time and money such that someone finds the output[ acceptable.

Andrew Rodney
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: André Dumas
    Date: Tue Jun 6, 2006 8:34 pm (PDT)

Hello Andrew,

I disagree with your statement  about a *long winded thread on this list that has nothing to do with color or theory *.  I suppose that you are referring to our discussion on calibrationists, calibrationism, calibration and also "calibrating our equipment vs profiling our equipment ".  The discussion had everything to do with color and theory and I felt that it was worthwhile.

I have reached the conclusion that a calibrationist can *also* be defined in a positive way, let's say for example that a calibrationist could be defined as someone who agrees with the techniques that you have put forth in your book "Color Management for Photographers" on the subject of calibration and profiling and who agrees with your suggestions about how to use these techniques for successfully implementing color management in our work.

In that "long winded thread" I appreciated reading your message (6/1/06 9:00 AM) about calibrating vs profiling , I thought that it was a clear and concise explanation of the differences between these two functions.

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "marty"
    Date: Tue Jun 6, 2006 8:36 pm (PDT)

After all, we age, or our bodies change for any of a number of reasons, and
our color vision may be shifting more quickly and abruptly than we think or
may be aware of. How many of us take the 100-hue Farnsworth-Munsell test on
a regular basis? Almost 10 years ago I scored well, but how would I score
today, in my fifties?

Probably about the same. I haven't seen any differences with age (up to 60 or so) but, it has it's limitations. I recently gave it (FM100) using the GMB Judge II light box and, to my surprise, the fellow misplaced one of the tiles by 2. Having previously taken the test and getting all the rows correct, I repeated that test line myself. I made exactly the same order with a displacement of 2.  Since I had first taken the test using diffuse daylight from a skylight, I checked the patches with an i1. There was a nice, smooth delta E gradient in the sequence. Next, I looked at the spectrum and that provided the answer. The patches in question had a sharp peakiness shift right where one of the 5000K fluorescent spikes was with the result that the patches no longer exhibited a smooth hue gradient - though they looked just fine under daylight.

Marty Gray
___________________________________________________________________________
.
Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Mike Davis"
    Date: Wed Jun 7, 2006 4:51 pm (PDT)

Seldom do most of us really "need" accurate color.  Perhaps, when printing a commercial catalog where clothing is examined with the intent to find coordinated accessories, or a company logo is examined with a fine tooth comb for "authenticity", we may require a near perfect reproduction.  That's easy enough to do with colorimeters and decent color management.

But most printing, from magazines to calendars to wedding photos, usually just needs to be color-cast free, the rest being the photographer or printer interpretation of the image for the intended purpose.  We reject off-color skies in "neutral" images for example.  We often accept un-natural color saturation in prints, which seems to be a fad these days.  We sometimes tweak an image for emphasis or to de-emphasize an unwanted background. Quite often the "absolutely, dead perfect, right-on" color doesn't "look right".

Look at any magazine, coffee table book, or photo exhibit and it's obvious. Either the printers don't print it right, don't care, or the author has an intentional deviation from "reality."  As Dan says, the object is usually to make the image look good within the context of the application.  We try to start with known color values for known objects, but often vary for the sake of the image.

Mike Davis
mldavis2 AT sbcglobal DOT net
http://www.pbase.com/mldavis2/
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Thu Jun 8, 2006 3:28 am (PDT)

Hi Mike.

I get the impression that what you are discussing is beside the point of what color management is best at doing: not so much creating color that is "accurate" in an abstract manner, as color that meets the author's or client's expectations. In other words, producing an image whose colors conform with a "look and feel" that has been carefully discussed and negotiated in advance.

Saturated or not, neutral or not, just about everybody wants to see a finished image that looks the closest possible to an expected ideal defined in advance (e.g., through the proofing cycle): that seems to me the most valuable contribution of color management, not a highly subjective and ultimately abstract "accurate" color.

Regards.

---------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "Maris V. Lidaka Sr."
    Date: Thu Jun 8, 2006 3:19 am (PDT)

Brings to mind Bruce Fraser's article "Why is Color"

http://www.creativepro.com/story/feature/13036.html

Maris V. Lidaka Sr.
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "Paul Foerts"
    Date: Thu Jun 8, 2006 9:20 am (PDT)

On Tue Jun 6, 2006 8:13 am (PDT), "Andrew Rodney" wrote:

My point is that LOTS of press personal use instrumentation to aid them in
what I consider calibration even if that term puts a bad taste in some
people1s minds.
-
Measuring instruments (densitometers, spectrophotometers etc.) should be calibrated, following the procedure from the manufacturer, using patches or tiles, a screwdriver (sic) or a digital setup.

I've never seen a printer calibrating his press.

Densitometers are used for process control and communication within the printing room. Spectrophotometers are useful when communicating special color formulations. There is no reason to believe that printing without a densitometer should result in more waste... Measuring patches gives the printer "neutral/objective" information. The printer decides when and how to adjust (+ or -) the inking "zones". Visual comparison with the "target" or "ok" sheet gives him this key information.

Paul Foerts
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Andrew Rodney
    Date: Thu Jun 8, 2006 3:07 pm (PDT)

On 6/8/06 9:53 AM, "Paul Foerts"  wrote:

I've never seen a printer calibrating his press.

Densitometers are used for process control and communication within the
printing room.

So that1s not calibration? If the instrument reports target values expected are not met, the user simply ignores this or alters the behavior back to the desired results?

Spectrophotometers are useful when communicating special
color formulations.

Spectrophotometer1s, Colorimeter1s, Densitometers and tape measures are all just measuring devices. There1s a distant difference in what a Spectrophotometer can measure and provide to the end user compared to a colorimeter or densitometer but the end results are the same. A set of values that are a measurement of something. What the user does with the values could be calibration unless as I1ve asked above, the user simply looks at the values and does nothing at all. Assuming the device produces consistent behavior (process control), both user intervention and calibration isn1t at all necessary. If the device produces different behavior then the user expects they either do something or don1t (which I would submit is either calibration or its a measuring process without a goal).

There is no reason to believe that printing without a densitometer should
result in more waste...

Not if the behavior is to the desired measured values the user expects. But what if it isn1t?

Measuring patches gives the printer "neutral/objective" information.

So what you1re saying is that no matter what the instrument reports, the printer doesn1t do anything with the values he/she just got? Then why measure in the first place?

The printer decides when and how to adjust (+ or -) the inking "zones".

But that1s not calibration of course.

Visual comparison with the "target" or "ok" sheet gives him this key
information.

And that1s not calibration either?

Andrew Rodney
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: Dan Margulisj
    Date: Fri Jun 9, 2006 11:38 am (PDT)

Mark Davis writes,

But most printing, from magazines to calendars to wedding photos, usually
just needs to be color-cast free, the rest being the photographer or printer
interpretation of the image for the intended purpose.  We reject off-color
skies in "neutral" images for example.

We also reject for overall weight (image appears much too light or too dark), rather more commonly than for cast.

The point, however, is well taken. The idea that professionals are looking for an exact, specific, result with images is myth, with the possible exception of reproduction of digital art (line work such as logos is a different matter). What we are looking for is something reasonably close to what is expected, and the absence of any defect (like a cast, or poor weight) that would be severe enough for the client to reject the work.

If commercial printers had wanted to make output meet a more uniform standard, there was no technological obstacle to doing so fifteen or even twenty years ago. The same goes for photo labs. That they have chosen not to do so is a strong indication that they don't see the demand for it, same as with honoring embedded profiles.

Dan Margulis
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Ron Kelly"8
    Date: Fri Jun 9, 2006 12:38 pm (PDT)

On 9-Jun-06, at 10:39 AM, Dan Margulis wrote:

If commercial printers had wanted to make output meet a more uniform
standard, there was no technological obstacle to doing so fifteen  
or even twenty years ago. The same goes for photo labs. That they have chosen not to do  
so is a strong indication that they don't see the demand for it, same as  
with honoring embedded profiles.

If that is indeed the case, what is the hope for an organized future?

The competitive marketplace embraces the dominant solution, whether it's logical or efficient or effective or not. It just has to be profitable for the dominator. Standards organizations don't have the authority to mandate solutions, nor often do they have consensus if they could.

The color management environment is no different in this regard than the environment of the land, air and water. Free market forces are messy and near-unmanageable. Where are Stalin and Mao when you need them?

Ron Kelly
___________________________________________________________________________

 Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Dan Remaley"
    Date: Fri Jun 9, 2006 3:06 pm (PDT)

Just my "nickels" worth - in the past, the graphics arts was separated. . .type houses supplied the type (have you ever seen more 'widows or orphans' in your life - "Kerning" - what's that?)

Color separators made all the seps. and proofs (to SWOP) - because the AD Agency's were paying the bills).

Printers only PRINTED to the color proofs and seps. of the trade house. If they printed to SWOP standards everything was fine - if not - ugh! Presses are designed with 'closed loop inking' measuring only solid ink density for color control. What are the dot gain (TVI) and gray balance numbers?
Check out <www.systembrunner.chtheir control is based on gray balance as well as density and gain. If you print near 1.00/18%Yellow 1.30/20%Cyan 1.40/20Magenta 1.70/22%Black You will match most of the color from Photoshop and the screen builds of Pantone/TruMatch. Process control is necessary before any color management can take place.

Dan Remaley PIA/GATF
Process Control Manager
412.259.1814
___________________________________________________________________________

 Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Henry"
    Date: Fri Jun 9, 2006 3:58 pm (PDT)

On Jun 9, 2006, at 12:39 PM, Dan Margulis wrote:

 The point, however, is well taken. The idea that professionals are looking
 for an exact, specific, result with images is myth, with the possible exception
 of reproduction of digital art (line work such as logos is a different
 matter). What we are looking for is something reasonably close to what is expected,
 and the absence of any defect (like a cast, or poor weight) that would be
 severe enough for the client to reject the work.

 If commercial printers had wanted to make output meet a more uniform
 standard, there was no technological obstacle to doing so fifteen or even twenty years
 ago. The same goes for photo labs. That they have chosen not to do so is a
 strong indication that they don't see the demand for it, same as with honoring
embedded profiles.

It seems to me that the variability found in "Real World", or commercial printing isn't acceptable to a number of folks posting comments on the list, and I appreciate the wording of your response above.  Commercial printing is not fine art reproduction, and as for process control, the density tolerances required for perfection would reduce a press to an un-runable dust collector.  Printers understand the task of staying within an acceptable range of densities, but the color that happens within that range sometimes only exists in the mind of the buyer.  You are right about photo labs as well.  Imagine how much film would be processed if they waited until the plot of the chemistry was exactly perfect.

Sometimes I can't help but wonder what this expectation for perfection is all about.  Unrealistic attitudes could lead to the rejection of every print job.  Defining what was reasonably acceptable printwork 20 years ago was a less difficult task, but today's expectations are a whole other animal.  An unrealistic attitude continues to be preached to new print buyers and students who have little or no experience in the real world of printing, and sadly, many of them do not invest the time and effort to study the sermons.  They get the message - but only one perspective.  The evangelism started with those who invented and promoted a solution that was overstated, and of course their audience liked what they heard.  Now there does seem to be just a little bit of hedging in the message as it matures, but it may be too late to put the genie back in the bottle.

How on earth was it ever possible to produce good printing 50 years ago?  Was it was only possible with unacceptable expenses and delays caused by this, that and the other thing?  It would seem that good printing can still be done in this age, but not without a profile.

As in the past, I am only pointing out a trend from one perspective.

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Lee Clawson" h
    Date: Sat Jun 10, 2006 10:49 am (PDT)

Henry,

Being asked by clients to re-purpose work for many forms of media and have everything done before anyone knew which printer the files would be sent to changed our work flows. And when clients came with these needs printers responded with amazingly quick turn-arounds and we used the "over stated solution" that made (or seemed to make) this work flow possible.

If you'll accept a big generalization from my perspective printers remain less rather than more able to help me predict what things will look like. Some of this is due to the media we print on especially the way my clients compromise there to save money. And some is due to no one knowing which press will be used until the last minute.

So with regard to your asking about reasonable color expectations...fair enough.

But...Dan Remaley is still trying explain the need for process control. My question; "Do you think (in 2006) ignoring process control is a reasonable position for a printer to find themselves in ???"

Lee Clawson
2/\V/\7 Studio

P.S.-- perfection aside, it wasn't as hard as you make it seem for a photo lab to calibrate for the daily developer chemistry.
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "J Walton"
    Date: Sun Jun 11, 2006 3:07 am (PDT)

On 6/10/06, Lee Clawson wrote:

"Do you think (in 2006) ignoring process control is a reasonable
position for a printer to find themselves in ???"

That really is an interesting question, and ultimately gets down to the basics of what we do. After attending a standards conference (or at least a lunch where I had to hear about it) I thought there was an interesting point made by one of the speakers.

Basically, the fear among some printers is that if they conform to a standard (SNAP, GRACOL, SWOP) they have to "dumb down" their process and take away a competetive advantage. The same is true for some contract proof providers. Rather than admit that they don't really hit SNAP or SWOP, they say that they've *never had a problem* matching a newspaper and their magazine proofs *always look really close*. But how close are they to the standard everyone is trying to hit?

Someone who ignores process control and tries to just make pretty pictures (to them) is ignoring the fact that the files were prepared with a particular condition in mind.

-----
J Walton
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: Stephen Marsh
    Date: Sun Jun 11, 2006 3:26 am (PDT)

Dan Remaley wrote:

Just my "nickels" worth - in the past, the graphics arts was separated. .
type houses supplied the type (have you ever seen more 'widows or orphans'
in your life - "Kerning" - what's that?)

Haha, agreed Dan - my apprenticeship was in the composition trade. Typesetters were smugly predicting in the late 80's and early 90's that the new DTP systems would not be better in their kerning tables etc and that they would not be affected at the mid-high end where clients were picky.

But the market suddenly did not care if there were spaces between letter pairs that were wide enough to drive a truck through, or if there were widows, consecutive hyhens at line endings, hyphenations such as the-rapist instead of therapist etc...near overnight poor quality work that would have been laughed at and rejected a few years before became common and accepted due to the rate being lower or the work now being done in-house by someone that was not traditionally trained in the craft or due to faster turn around times etc.

Color separators made all the seps. and proofs (to SWOP) - because
the AD Agency's were paying the bills).
Printers only PRINTED to the color proofs and seps. of the trade house.
If they printed to SWOP standards everything was fine - if not - ugh!

Some compositors went into desktop art typesetting/assembly.

Some type/layout folk moved into more general prepress once technology allowed the separate trades to become one. But within about 5-7 years of type houses being dead, trade colour shops were pretty much dead too.

Desktop computers were finally more productive and Photoshop and plug in solutions had matured into a production tool that could compete with Scitex, Purup, Wright or other proprietary hardware/software workstations and solutions.

Over a decade later, despite the advances in technology reducing the need for experienced and knowledgeable human operators, I do not feel that either type of colour is generally better than when it was handled by professionals who made that specialty their living.

But there is great opportunity for those with talent or simply better education to stand out from the masses that are now considered to be peers.

Photographers no doubt say the same about photography now being a commodity for the masses produced by the masses, rather than being the craft of a dedicated professional that specialises in one area and works as a part of the chain of other professionals knowing the prior and next steps required in the process and taking these into account within their specialist task. Many photographers seem to have a different attitude though when it comes to them being their own designer/colour separator.

It all comes back to the monkey that is pressing the buttons. Technology often makes this less important than in times gone by - but it is not there yet as a replacement.

Today I can do things that I would have had to outsource in times gone by...but just because I can do these things myself, with little knowledge or skill, should I do them, despite the quality drop?

For the majority of work and people today the answer appears to be "yes".

Pining for the 'good old days' (but not the fjord's),

Stephen Marsh.
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Fred Gamber"
    Date: Mon Jun 12, 2006 2:18 pm (PDT)

Pining for the 'good old days' (but not the fjord's),

Stephen Marsh.

As a print professional who started in the late 70's I could not agree more with your sentiments. We have a great deal of business that is strictly pleasing color, work that would not have been accepted 10 years ago. The prepress work is all done by the client so the savings are tremendous for the client, this translates into "pleasing color is more than acceptable, it is desirable due to cost savings". I have recently attended a meeting with a client who stated quite clearly that of all the things they expect from us while producing their work quality was not a priority. Price and turnaround were the determining factors in our gaining this work.

I also "pine for the old days" (even the fjords from time to time as dead parrots make a great color checker), but I balance that with the knowledge that a great deal of people who previously could not buy into process color are now producing a large volume of color product. This has made print a commodity service as opposed to a trade craft, but those printers who have streamlined their work flow to be productive and lean seem to be making some money still. I  would have to admit though, that the margins are a lot closer to the grocery business than what we were used to in the print business...

Fred Gamber
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Henry"8
    Date: Mon Jun 12, 2006 4:24 pm (PDT)

SNAP, GRACOL SWOP.  Preparing files for print conditions is an excellent thing to do, and guidelines for the conditions are a good way to communicate the conditions.  These are guidelines, and as guidelines they aren't designed to be a guarantee for precision.  They only allow for the possibility of reasonable expectations.

You ask "how close are they to the standard everyone is trying to hit?"   With some humor, I would suggest that THE "standard" is the individual designer's Pantone book, their monitor and their expectations.  That's an awful lot of "standards".

I don't understand the part about ignoring process control, but I wonder:  what could be said if the files were not properly prepared for the printing conditions, and the press operator took initiative that nonetheless resulted in a run that met the expectations of the buyer? Is this what is meant by ignoring process control?

Henry Davis
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Henry"
    Date: Mon Jun 12, 2006 4:55 pm (PDT)

Lee,

Offering observations that may seem challenging to color management trend leaders doesn't necessarily make one "anti-color management".  I am neither anti-profile nor anti-color management.  Furthermore, I don't see my observations for this thread as being necessarily anti-anything related to the topic even though one response may have lead others to make that assumption.  I appreciate that you didn't mischaracterize or make insinuations in your response.

On Jun 10, 2006, at 1:42 PM, Lee Clawson wrote:

 Being asked by clients to re-purpose work for many forms of media and have
 everything done before anyone knew which printer the files would be sent to
 changed our work flows. And when clients came with these needs printers
 responded with amazingly quick turn-arounds and we used the "over stated
 solution" that made (or seemed to make) this work flow possible.

Re-purposing has been made easier by the use of profiles.  Within the subject of re-purposing, there is room for improvement and anything short of iron-handed, universal implementations might fall short of a total solution.  Black generation and drop shadow are two issues that are still problematic.  There is a dilemma in the notion of proscribed "standards" while providing flexible solutions.

 If you'll accept a big generalization from my perspective printers remain
 less rather than more able to help me predict what things will look like.
 Some of this is due to the media we print on especially the way my clients
 compromise there to save money. And some is due to no one knowing which
 press will be used until the last minute.

Sure, there is a trade-off - good fast or cheap?  My comments regarding expectations were along these line.  There is a cost related to being able to predict what things will look like.  This isn't new, and if anything, it is a lot less expensive now than in days gone by.  Even so, that doesn't make it useable for every print buyer or designer, and even fewer make the effort to learn how to use it properly.  A printer that receives a print job that involves the printing of color patches is using resources to make the run.  The color management consultant is billing for their service of providing the profile.  The designer/print buyer can purchase monitor calibration tools.  By expense, one can have a better ability to predict what things will look like.  I was addressing the expectation level of a growing number of folks for whom accurate color is perceived as a right, or entitlement requiring little or no effort on their part.

I'll risk a new question on the topic of accurate color:  is there such a thing as "Beyond Pleasing Color"?  Has there ever been a run that was perceived as "better" than expected?  How would this be achieved?  It's just a question, maybe rhetorical, maybe not.  Do standards dumb-down the potential?  Some really good printing can be had at the edge of the press's operational envelope, but one can't run a press in such a manner for very long or without files that have been prepared for such an encounter.  Still, the problem of expectations remains.

 So with regard to your asking about reasonable color
expectations...fair  enough.

The marketing of color management is the root that I find for the expectations syndrome that exists today.  This is only opinion.  This thread wandered into the world of perception and expectation, and I believe there were fewer disappointments pre-ICC.  Please don't misunderstand or mischaracterize this as an anti-color management comment.  There were, in the past, trained and knowledgeable folks involved in all of the phases that a print job would pass through. Today, a whole lot more people who know a whole lot less about printing are mixing into the process, providing the increase of folks whose expectations aren't met.

 But...Dan Remaley is still trying explain the need for process control. My
 question; "Do you think (in 2006) ignoring process control is a reasonable
 position for a printer to find themselves in ???"

I haven't said anything that would remotely suggest such recklessness in 2006, or 1986 for that matter.  Andrew suggested that this was my position, and I chose not to reply hoping to avoid an explosion of meritless noise on the thread.  His response to my observations contained some ridiculous inference made possible by avoiding the context of my statements.  I regret that I see the tone of his inferences repeated in your question.  Do you really believe that I would recommend that printers ignore process control?  That Dan Remaley expresses the need for process control doesn't suggest that responsible printers are actively avoiding it.

 P.S.-- perfection aside, it wasn't as hard as you make it seem for a photo
 lab to calibrate for the daily developer chemistry.

Perfection aside.  That there is actually a range was the point.

Henry Davis  
 ___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Frank Deutschmann"
    Date: Mon Jun 12, 2006 10:21 pm (PDT)

Behalf Of Dan Margulis

If commercial printers had wanted to make output meet a more uniform
standard, there was no technological obstacle to doing so fifteen or even
twenty years ago. The same goes for photo labs. That they have chosen not to do so is a
strong indication that they don't see the demand for it, same as with
honoring embedded profiles.

Well, in the bad old days, I think there was actually strong motivation for custom color on both sides of the relationship, particularly in the area of photographers and labs.  For it truly was a Relationship: the lab and photographer knew each other well, and the lab provided a reliable service in completing the photographer's artistic vision.  In the professional negative/print world, this was a close relationship refined over years and many iterations, and the lab was consequently closely related to the photographer's business.  In the consumer world, the lab knew their generic consumer, and aimed to provide the consumer with reliable good looking photographs.  Back then, the lab was much more than a black box; they were integral to the whole artistic process.

One (more) thing that I find curious and somewhat entertaining (in a dark sort of way) is that today, with better communications technology than ever before, we seem to communicate *less*!  10 years ago, we traded phone messages and call back numbers and wasted a lot of time trying to get on the same wavelength about this or that job.  Now, in the era of e-mail and cell phones, the world prefers to simply DIY rather than try to communicate artistic intentions, etc.  Do we really, truly prefer to DIY, or are we forced into this by the technology that needs a rigid contractual exchange? Or are there other social factors at work here?

Curious.

-frank
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Tue Jun 13, 2006 2:39 pm (PDT)

In a message dated 6/12/06 9:49 AM, Frank Deutschmann wrote:

Or are there other social factors at work here?

I certainly believe so. We live in a much more corporate-dominated world today than we did even as recently as 10 years ago. What you refer to as the "DYI" mentality is a reflection of an unrelenting and widespread drive to produce at the highest possible speed and at the very lowest cost, for the sake of rising sales and increasing quarterly returns: that may, and indeed does, often mean that quality is redefined downwards, a bit at a time, until it starts to be clearly perceptible to a trained eye.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

 Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Tue Jun 13, 2006 10:36 am (PDT)

J,

Just for the sake of precision, the fact that two colors have the same spectra does not *automatically* mean that they look the same. That only happens if they are viewed *under the same illuminant*.

It's also true that two samples with *different* spectra may appear very close in appearance to one another under a given shared illuminant -- what is called a "metameric match."

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

: Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Tue Jun 13, 2006 2:38 pm (PDT)

In a message dated 6/6/06 1:23 PM, colorman042000 wrote:

I disagree with your statement  about a *long winded thread on this
list that has nothing to do with color or theory *.  I suppose that
you are referring to our discussion on calibrationists,
calibrationism, calibration and also "calibrating our equipment vs
profiling our equipment ".  The discussion had everything to do with
color and theory and I felt that it was worthwhile.

I have reached the conclusion that a calibrationist can *also* be
defined in a positive way, ,snip

Hi Andre.

I think we should not be kidding ourselves, and instead recognize that "calibrationist" and "calibrationism" are terms of opprobrium, a way to cast aspersions and generalize by choosing as representative the least articulate and effective members of a class of "opponents" in order to discredit the *whole* class and its practices.

I'm sure there's a name for this rhetorical device. Myself, I call it an unenlightening waste of time.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "J Walton"n
    Date: Tue Jun 13, 2006 2:48 pm (PDT)

On 6/13/06, Marco Ugolini wrote:

J,
Just for the sake of precision, the fact that two colors have the same
spectra does not *automatically* mean that they look the same. That only
happens if they are viewed *under the same illuminant*.

Aren't the two greens in question on the same page of a book? I would think the lighting conditions would be the same.

-----
J Walton
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "Mike Russell"
    Date: Tue Jun 13, 2006 3:41 pm (PDT)

From: J Walton
[re green squares on page 22 of  Professional Photoshop 5]

Aren't the two greens in question on the same page of a book? I would think
the lighting conditions would be the same.

Dan must be having a well-deserved chuckle over this.  Few people (myself included) actually followed up on the suggestion underneath the illustration on page 22.

If you do you will get a fresh bit of insight from what is at first glance merely an old optical illusion.

Mike Russell
www.curvemeister.com/forum/
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Wed Jun 14, 2006 7:49 am (PDT)

In a message dated 6/13/06 11:28 AM, J Walton wrote:

Aren't the two greens in question on the same page of a book? I would think
the lighting conditions would be the same.

Hi J.

As a general statement, it seemed to me that it that left room for some ambiguity, giving the impression that two samples would always look the same just because they are spectrally identical, regardless of the effect the illuminant has on appearance.

If the first sample is measured with the instrument set for a D50 illuminant and the second using, say, a setting of illuminant A, the instrument will perceive a difference between two spectrally identical samples.

That's all I meant to say.

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "colorman042000" André Dumas colorman042000
    Date: Wed Jun 14, 2006 12:49 pm (PDT)

Marco, is it really too late to redefine what a calibrationist stands for ? Dan has created the term and given it the definition that we know. But ... we also need a word to define those who see automation (tools and techniques) as a logical and practical way to deal with image creation as opposed to the artisanists who believe primarily in manual dexterity.  "Calibrationist" is already in our vocabulary and could appropriately define the former :-)

Andre Dumas
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Frank Deutschmann"
    Date: Wed Jun 14, 2006 7:52 am (PDT)

I certainly believe so. We live in a much more corporate-dominated world
today than we did even as recently as 10 years ago. What you refer to as
the "DYI" mentality is a reflection of an unrelenting and widespread drive to
produce at the highest possible speed and at the very lowest cost, for the
sake of rising sales and increasing quarterly returns: that may, and indeed
does, often mean that quality is redefined downwards, a bit at a time,
until it starts to be clearly perceptible to a trained eye.

I agree with what you say about the corporate mentality towards quality, and this is undoubtedly an issue here.  BUT, corporate culture is also strongly aligned with "delegation", "outsourcing", and sticking to "core competencies" (ugh, I *so* despise every one of these terms!); all of this seems completely opposed to the DIY approach that has taken imaging by storm over the last few years.  (Of course, imaging is hardly the only area seeing this sort of thing.)  Just the safety aspect of being able to place blame somewhere else would seem to me to be a motivator to stick with the old model -- in an extreme case, the photographer could always fire the lab, etc.  But today, all this (really complex, and more difficult now than ever, IMHO) technology and detailed work is pulled in-house to be carried out by relative novices under strict time pressure.  I'm wondering if the social factor isn't more along the lines of some sort of breakdown in trust -- perhaps caused by everyone being so profit motivated at the expense of quality?  That is, the photographer feels that the lab is always out to do the minimal satisfactory job at the maximal price, so she feels that might as well DIY in-house as then there is somehow more control, even though this is a net loss in delegation, etc, and skill.....

Thoughts?

-frank
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: "Accurate" color
    Posted by: "Lee Clawson"
    Date: Wed Jun 14, 2006 7:49 pm (PDT)

on 6/12/06 3:10 PM, Henry wrote:

Henry,

With this thread getting little attention feel free to continue off list.
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: "marty"
    Date: Wed Jun 14, 2006 10:55 pm (PDT)

From:  Marco Ugolini

As a general statement, it seemed to me that it that left room for some
ambiguity, giving the impression that two samples would always look the same
just because they are spectrally identical, regardless of the effect the
illuminant has on appearance.

If the first sample is measured with the instrument set for a D50 illuminant
and the second using, say, a setting of illuminant A, the instrument will
perceive a difference between two spectrally identical samples.

This is not accurate since a reflected light spectro reads patches based on the percentage of light reflected over a narrow wavelength. The illuminant is irrelevant. When the spectrum is converted to a CIELAB color a reference illuminant is needed, D50 being the usual. Has nothing to do with the measurement though.

Marty Gray
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Marco Ugolini
    Date: Thu Jun 15, 2006 8:22 am (PDT)

In a message dated 6/14/06 10:08 PM, marty wrote:

This is not accurate since a reflected light spectro reads patches based on
the percentage of light reflected over a narrow wavelength. The illuminant
is irrelevant. When the spectrum is converted to a CIELAB color a reference
illuminant is needed, D50 being the usual. Has nothing to do with the
measurement though.

OK, my mistake: time to change subject. For a second I felt sorry for splitting hairs, but I think I found my match...

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA
___________________________________________________________________________

Re: Dan's Photofinishing Test
    Posted by: Marco Ugolini
   Date: Thu Jun 15, 2006 8:25 am (PDT)

Hi Andre.

Do we, really?

Is this really such a pressing problem, so much so that we need to get up in arms and stop the onslaught by the army of calibrationists swooping down on us?

Reminds me of the flag-burning amendment that keeps popping up in Congress time and again: not a whole lot of flags being burned out there, judging from the news, but it doesn't stop Congress from acting as if we were facing a crisis of epic proportions.

So, there are fools among us: what a revelation...

Regards.

--------------
Marco Ugolini
Mill Valley, CA